Gardneria 



LOGANIACEAE-GENTIANACEAE Nymphoides 



celled, 2-ovuled, becoming a 2-seeded berry. 5 species, from India to Japan, 4 m China. 

 (Named for George Gardner, a Scottish physician and botanist, about 1812-1849.) 

 1 Gardneria multiflora Mak. (Bo.Ma.T. 15: 103). Climbing shrub; fls. yellow, 

 several on axillary peduncles, VI-VIII; fr. red, X-XI. Japan and China; locally in 

 An., Che., Hun., Hup., Ki., Ku. Woodland. 



144. GENTIANACEAE Gentian Family W.UPc (Lung Tan K'o) 

 Smooth herbs with usually opposite simple entire sessile estipulate lvs. and perfect 

 regular 4-5-merous fls. in axillary or terminal cymes: corolla often twisted m the bud: 

 ovary superior, one-celled: fr. a 2-valved ea P sule. 70 genera with 800 species, cosmo- 

 politan, especially in temperate regions; 8 genera and 150 species m China. 



Key to the Genera 



Lvs. opposite: plants terrestrial. ^ Crawfurdia 



Twining herbs . 



.2. Gentiana 



Erectherbs ; :: 3. Nymphoides 



Lvs. alternate : plants aquatic 



1. Crawfurdia Wall. UfliaS (Wan Lung Tan Shu) 

 Twining herbs with opposite 3-nerved lvs. and showy axillary usually 5-merous 

 purple- white or greenish yellow fls.; calyx tubular; corolla tubular-campanulate, often 

 plicate; stamens on the middle of the corolla tube: fr. sometimes indehiscent; seeds 

 many, winged. 10 species, in eastern Asia; 5 in China. 



1. Crawfurdia fasciculata Wall. Hft^ (Wan Lung Tan Ts'ao; Creeping Gentian) 

 (H.F. 4: 107). Twining herb; fls. pink or purple, VIII-X. Eastern Asia; locally in 

 An., Che., Hup., Ki. Brushland, woodland. Fig. 299. 



2. Gentiana Linn. Gentian MB.M (Lung Tan Shu) 

 Erect terrestrial herbs with opposite often connate lvs. and showy often solitary 

 fls. ; corolla tubular, usually with intermediate plaited folds between the lobes bearing 

 appendages or teeth at the sinuses: capsule separating into 2 carpels; seeds numerous. 

 180 species, widely distributed; 100 in China. (Gentia-na, named for Gentius, King 

 of Illyria.) 



Key to the Species 

 Plant 3-5 dm. tall: lvs. narrowly lanceolate or linear: fls. 4-5 cm. long.. 1. G. scabra 

 Plant not over one dm. high: lvs. broadly ovate or spathulate -rotund: fls. 



2-3cm. long 2 - G - zollingeri 



1. Gentiana scabra Bunge MU (Lung Tan; Dragon's Gall) (DC.P. 9: 112). Erect 

 herb, to 8 dm.; fls. blue. Transbaicalia, North China, Japan; locally in Ku. 

 Grassland. Fig. 300. 



2. Gentiana yokusai Burkill %£MU (Pi Lung Tan; Pencil Gentian) (A.S.B. 2: 316). 

 Brg. herb, to 1dm.; fls. 2-3 cm. long; anthers linear, free; fr. 6 mm. long. 

 Northeastern Asia; locally in An., Ku. Mountain meadows. 



3. Nymphoides Tourn. ex Medic. Floating Heart -MMM (Hsing T's'ai Shu) 

 Polygamous aquatic herbs with alternate floating usually cordate long-petiolate lvs, 



313 



