Scrophutaria SCKOPHULAKIACEAE Phtheirospermvm 



seeds rugose. 150 species, in north temperate regions; 35 in China. (Named because 

 it was reputed to be a remedy for scrophula.) 



Key to the Species 



Infl. spicate; fls. densely arranged, nearly sessile 1- S: bu&rgeriana 



Infl. paniculate; fls. laxly arranged, with long slender pedicels 2. S. ningpoensis 



1. Scrophularia buergeriana Miq. (S. oldhami Oliv.) £# (Hsiian Shen; Black 

 Ginseng) (Mak.F.151;F.H.E.2:179). Erect perennial, to 1.3m'; fls. VII-VIII; square 

 stems. Japan, China; locally in Ku. Grassland. 



2. Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsley (F.H.E. 2:178). Perennial herb, to lm.; fls. 

 in panicles, purplish brown, VII-VIII. Southeastern China; locally in An., Che., 

 Ki. Roadsides and hillsides. 



7. Mazus Lour. Monkey Flower M.' : :Vv-U (T'ung Chiian Ts'ao Shu) 

 Low herbs with incised often rosulate lvs. and blue or white fls. in terminal one- 

 sided racemes; corolla with two prominent ridges in the throat; style 2-lobed; capsule 

 loculicidal; seeds very small. 20 or more species, in Asia, Malaya and Australia; 

 mostly in China. (Greek: mazo, teat, referring to the ridges of the corolla.) 



Key to the Species 



a. Plants not stoloniferous, the stem erect or flexuose. 

 b. Lvs. mostly opposite. 



Stems decumbent or flexuose 1 ■ M. japonicus 



Stems erect, rigid. 



Lvs. sessile or nearly so 2. M. stachydifolius 



Lvs. shortly petiolate, long-attenuate at base 3. M. macranthus 



bb. Lvs. all alternate 4. M. caducifer 



aa. Plants stoloniferous, the stolons elongated, creeping and rooting 5. M. miquelii 



1. Mazus japonicus (Thunb.) 0. Ktze. (M. rugosus Lour.) ^IjjU'l (T'ung Ch'uan 

 Ts'ao; Divided-by-the-brook Herb) (B.M. 898). Trailing perennial herb; fls. blue, 

 brown -spotted, III- VI. Eastern Asia; locally in An., Che., Ki., Ku. Lawns and 

 roadsides. Fig. 337. 



2. Mazus stachydifolius (Turcz.) Maxim. ^JJJ-^i (Tan Tao Tzu Ts'ai; Elastic- 

 knife Vegetable) (St. P. B. 20:438). Erect herb, to 3 dm.; fls. purple, IV-VI. Eastern 

 Asia; locally in An., Hup., Ki., Ku. Roadsides, grassland. 



3. Mazus macranthus Diels (Di.F.566). Herb, 2dm. high; fls. white, purple, IV. 

 Eastern and central China; locally in An. Grassland. 



4. Mazus caducifer Hance (J.B.1882:292). Herb, 15 cm. high; fls. purple, VI. Eastern 

 China; locally in An. Grassland. 



5. Mazus miquelii Mak. (M. stolonifer Mak.) (Mak.F.146;H.-M.7:835). Stoloniferous 

 herb; fls. in dense spikes, purple, IV-VIII. China, Japan; locally in Hun., Ki. 

 Moist ground. 



8. Phtheirospermum Bunge \i\M\% (Sung Hao Shu) 

 Viscid- pubescent brg. herbs with opposite pinnatifid lvs. and short-pedicelled axillary 

 solitary ebracteolate fls.; calyx campanulate, 5-lobed; corolla 2-lipped, with 2-gibbous 

 palate: capsule compressed, beaked, loculicidal; seeds numerous, reticulate. 4 species, 



353 



