Phtheirospermum SCROPHULARI ACEAE Siph onostegia 



in eastern Asia; 2 in China. (Greek: phthciro, to destroy, and spermum, seed.) 



1. Phtheirospermum Chinese Bunge t£H (Sung Hao; Jungle Pine) (DC. P. 10:539). 

 Viscid-pubescent annual or biennial, to 0.8 m.; fls. rose-pink, VIII-X. China, 

 Korea, Japan; locally in Che., Hup., Ki., Ku. Moist meadows. 



9. Torenia Linn. JK^M (Kua Ts'ao Shu; Mellon Herb Genus) 



Annual or biennial herbs with fls. on ebracteolate pedicels; calyx tubular, plicate, 

 3-5-ivinged; corolla tube dilated above, the upper lip concave; the two upper stamens 

 included, the lower appendaged at the base and joined under the upper lip; anthers 

 touching or joined in prs. : valves of the capsule separating from the axis. 30 species, 

 tropical Asia and Africa; 14 in China. (After Olaf Toren, a Swedish clergyman, who 

 discovered T. asiatica while travelling in China, 1750-1752.) 



Key to the Species 



a. Limb of the corolla distinctly 2-lipped; lower lip of three smaller 

 rounded lobes, dark purple, the central lobe with a yellow spot 



at the base; upper lip larger, slightly 2-lobed, pale blue 1. T. fournieri 



aa. Limb of the corolla of five nearly equal lobes, pale purple; lateral lobes 

 each with a deep purple spot; lower lobe with a yellow spot. 

 Calyx with decurrent base. 



Upper corolla-lip entire " 2. T. violacea 



Upper corolla-lip bilobed 3. T. asiatica 



Calyx with rounded base 4. T. cordifolia 



1. Torenia fournieri Lindl. (B.M.897). Annual, 3-4 dm. high; fls. purple, IX; fr. 

 X. Introduced from Cochinchina; locally in Ku. Planted, ornamental. 



2. Torenia violacea Pennell (T. peduncular is Benth.; T. edentula Benth.) (H.F. 4:276; 

 AA. J. 24:254). Annual, to 2dm.; fls. purple, VIII-IX. Eastern Asia; locally in 

 Che., Hup., Ki. Woodland. 



3. Torenia asiatica Linn. (B.M.897). Diffuse herb, 1.5-2.5 dm. high; fls. purple, 

 VII-VIII; frtg. calyx 2.5cm. long. India, Malaysia, China; locally in An., Che., 

 Ki. Moist places. 



4. Torenia cordifolia Roxb. (H.F. 4:276). Annual, 1-2 dm. high; fls. purple, VII-IX; 

 pedicels longer than the lvs. Northern India, Java, southern China; locally in 

 Che., Ki. Mountain slopes. 



10. Siphonostegia Benth. B'ff^M (Yin Hsing Ts'ao Shu) 



Pubescent or glandular herbs many of which darken in drying: the lower lvs. 

 opposite and the upper alternate: fls. yellow or purple, 2-bracteolate, in axillary 

 racemes; calyx tubular, 10-nerved; corolla tube cylindric; the limb 2-lipped; style 

 filiform: seeds hyaline, reticulate. 4 species, in tropical and subtropical Asia; 2 in 

 China. (Greek: siphon, a tube, and stegos, a covering.) 



Key to the Species 

 Fioral lvs. shorter than the calyx: calyx limb not foliaceous, up to 5 mm. 



long: plant conspicuously darkened in drying 1 . S. chinensis 



Floral lvs., or some of them, longer than the calyx: calyx limb foliaceous, 



up to one cm. long: plant not darkened conspicuously in drying 2. 5. laeta 



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