Tricalysia RUBIACEAE Ophiorrhiza 



13. Tricalysia A. Rich. H^M (San O Shu) 

 Shrubs or trees with opposite short-petiolate lvs. ; fls. in axillary clusters, each 

 fl. subtended by one or two whorls of pubescent calyx-like bracts outside the calyx; 

 corolla campanulate; the lobes twisted in the bud; stamens inserted on the corolla 

 tube; anthers oblong, nearly sessile: fr. a 2-celled-several-seeded red leathery berry. 40 

 species, in Africa, Asia, Malaya; 5 in China. 



1. Tricalysia lutea Hand.-Mazz. (H.M. 7: 1021). Glabrous (except the fls.) trees or 

 shrubs; fls. yellow, V; fr. red, X-XII. Southern and central China; locally in Che., 

 Hun., Ki. Forest. 



14. Paederia Linn. it^cHM (Chi Shih T'eng Shu) 

 Twining shrubs, sometimes polygamo-dioecious, with herbaceous brs. and large 

 lvs. which give off a foetid odor when crushed, and with small deciduous stipules: fls. 

 small, 4-5-merous, in axillary or terminal paniculate cymes; corolla pubescent; stamens 

 included; style deeply 2-parted: fr. dry, the thin exocarp breaking away from the 2 

 compressed nutlets. 20 species, in tropical and subtropical Asia and America; 2 in 

 China. (Latin: paedor, bad smell; referring to the foliage when bruised.) 



1. Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr. (P. chinensis Hance; P. foetida Thunb., not Linn.; 

 P. tomentosa Maxim., not Linn.) Il^iH (Chi Shih T'eng; Chicken-excrement Vine) 

 (R.M. 825). Deciduous climbing shrub; fls. whitish, with purple eye, VII- VIII. 

 China, Japan, Korea; locally in An., Hun., Hup., Ki., Ku. Woodland. Fig. 348. 



15. Thysanospermum Benth. /fil^M (Tun Yeh Mu Shu) 

 Woody vine with axillary solitary white fls.; calyx lobes and bracts not bristle- 

 tipped; corolla tube slender, the segments entire; anthers included; style entire, club- 

 shaped at the top, exserted; ovary 2-celled: fr. a nearly globular capsule with winged 

 seeds. One species, in China. (Greek: thysanos, fringed, and sperma, a seed; referr- 

 ing to the winged seeds.) 



1. Thysanospermum diffusum Champ, ex Benth. f?H^ (Tun Yeh Mu; Shieldleaf 

 Tree) (Be.F. 146). Trailing shrub; fls. white, or cream-yellow, VI- VII; fr. a cap- 

 sule, VII-VIII. Central and southern China, Formosa; locally in An., Che., Hun., 

 Hup., Ki. Brushland. 



16. Ophiorrhiza Linn. itUwM (She Ken Ts'ao Shu) 

 Low perennial herbs, rarely shrubs, with small opposite lvs. and small fls. secund 

 on the brs. of axillary or terminal (ours) dichotomous cymes; disk large, 2-lobed: 

 fr. a coriaceous compressed capsule with many minute seeds. 50 species, in tropical 

 Asia, Australia and Polynesia; 6 in China. (Greek: ophis, a serpent, and rhiza, 

 root.) 



1. Ophiorrhiza japonica Blume (O. eyrei Champ, ex Benth.) felKv' (She Ken Ts'ao; 

 Snake-root Herb) (Be.F. 147; F.H.E. 1: 378). Ascending herb; fls. white or pink, 

 terminal, IV. Southern and Central China; locally in An., Hun., Hup., Ki. Damp 

 ravines. 



370 



