Hedyotis RUBIACEAE-CAPRIFOLIACEAE Galium 



17. Hedyotis Linn. wM^M (Liang Hou Ch'a Shu; Cool-throat-tea Genus) 

 Herbs with slender stems, small Ivs. and white or lilac 4-merous fls. in axillary 

 clusters or solitary; style filiform, with 2-lobed stigma; fr. dry, sometimes indehiscent. 

 80 species, in tropical Asia; 20 in China. (Greek: hedys, sweet, and ous, otas, ear; 

 the leaves have been compared to ears.) 



1. Hedyotis chrysotricha (Palabin) Merr. {Oldenlandia chrysotricha (Palabin) Chun; 

 Anotis chrysotricha Palabin) (Bu.HB.II. 6: 20). Creeping annual; fls. axillary, 

 white, pink or bluish, VII-VIII. Southeastern Asia and Australia; locally in Che., 

 Ki., Ku. Damp banks. 



18. Rubia Linn. f^,Vg (Ch'ien Ts'ao Shu) 



Perennial herbs, sometimes shrubby at the base, often stiff and hispid or prickly, 

 with verticillate Ivs. and small 5-merous fls. in axillary or terminal cymes: without 

 involucre :fr. fleshy. 40 species, in Eurasia, South Africa and South America; 3 in 

 China. (Latin: ruber, red; referring to the color of the dye extracted from the root 

 of the madder plant, R. tinctorium.) 



1. Rubia cordifolia Linn, yqiyf (Ch'ien Ts'ao) (Mak.F. 108). Climbing herb; fls. 

 white, 5-merous, VIII-IX; fr. black, fleshy, X. Eastern Asia, tropical Africa; 

 locally in An., Che., Hun., Ki., Ku. Brushland. Fig. 349. 



19. Galium Linn. Bedstraw JfeWAW, (Chu Yang Yang Shu) 

 Slender herbs, mostly with square stems, often barbed, with verticillate Ivs. and 

 small 4- (rarely 3-) merous fls. in axillary or terminal panicles: fr. dry, 2-seeded: 

 roots often containing a red dye. 220 species, widely distributed; 11 in China. (Greek: 

 gala, milk, which is curdled by some species of the genus.) 



Key to the Species 



Lvs. 4 in a whorl 1 . G. bungei 



Lvs. 6-8 in a whorl. 



Stem with backward-pointing prickles: fls. white, in 1-3-fld. panicles: 



annual 2 . G. aparine 



Stem smooth: fls. yellow, in dense panicles: perennial 3. G. verum 



1. Galium bungei Steud. {G. gracile Bunge, non Wallr.) \K\MW (Ssu Yeh Lu; Four- 

 leaved Humulus) (Mak.F. 110). Ascending herb, to 3 dm.; fls. white, V-VII. 

 China, Japan; locally in An., Hun., Hup., Ki. Brushland, woodland. 



2. Galium aparine Bunge Cleavers ffif&Wi: (Chu Yang Yang; Pig Calamity) (G.M. 

 1321). Weak-stemmed herb, to 0.5 m.; fls. white, III-V; stems recurved prickly. 

 Eurasia, North Africa, North America; locally in An., Hun., Hup., Hon., Ku. 

 Roadsides, field margins. Fig. 350. 



3. Galium verum Linn. Yellow Bedstraw &^^ (Sung Yeh Ts'ao; Pine-needle Herb) 

 (G.M. 1323). Erect herb, to lm.; fls. yellow, V-VIII. Eurasia, North America; 

 locally in An., Ku. Roadsides, grassland. 



163. CAPRIFOLIACEAE Honeysuckle Family ,g^f4 (Jen Tung K'o; 



Endure-winter-evergreen Family) 

 Shrubs, small trees, rarely herbs, with opposite mostly estipulate lvs. and perfect 



371 



