Sambucus 



CAPRIFOLIACEAE Viburnum 



4_5_ mer0U s fls.; corolla gamopetalous, regular or irregular; stamens on the corolla 

 tube; ovary inferior, 1-5- (rarely 8-) celled: fr. baccate, drupaceous, capsular or an 

 achene. 13 genera with 400 species, mostly in north temperate regions; 11 genera 

 and 220 species in China. 



Key to the Genera 



A. Lvs. pinnately compound 1 • Sambucus 



AA. Lvs. simple. 



B. Fr. fleshy, drupaceous or berry-like. 



Corolla rotate, regular: fr. drupaceous 2. Viburnum 



Corolla tubular, often irregular: fr. berry-like 3. Lonicera 



BB. Fr. dry, a capsule or an achene. 



Fr. an a chene: calyx lobes enlarged in fr 4. Abelia 



Fr. a capsule: calyx lobes not enlarged in fr 5. Weiyela 



1. Sambucus Linn. Elder g#^M (Chieh Ku Mu Shu) 



Deciduous shrubs or small trees, rarely herbs, with stout pithy brs. and pinnate 

 lvs.: fls. small, regular, 5-merous, in large terminal corymbs or panicles; corolla 

 rotate: stamens with short filaments; stigmas 3: fr. a berry-like drupe with 3-5 one- 

 seeded nutlets. 20 species, in temperate and subtropical regions; 7 in China. (Old 

 Latin name of the Elder.) 



Key to the Species 



Infl. flat: young brs. with white pith. 



Fr . yellow 1 . S. javanica 



Fr. black 2 . S. nigra 



Infl. subpyramidal: young brs. with yellow pith: fr. red 3. S. sieboldiana 



1. Sambucus javanica Reinw. ex Blume (S. chinensis Lindl.) ^Hf (Shuo Huo) (H.F. 

 3:2). Shrub, to 2 m.; fls. white, VI- VIII; fr. yellow, IX-X. Southeastern Asia; 

 locally in An., Che., Hun., Ki., Ku. Moist banks. 



2. Sambucus nigra Linn. European Elder (R.M. 828). Shrub or tree, to 10 m.; fls. 

 yellowish white, V-VI; fr. black. Europe, northern Africa, western Asia; locally 

 in Ku. Planted, ornamental. 



3. Sambucus sieboldiana Graebn. gfNc (Chieh Ku Mu; Bone-set Wood) (R.M. 830). 

 Shrub or tree, to 6m.; fls. yellowish white, IV-V; fr. red, VII-IX. Japan, China; 

 locally in Hup., Ki., Ku. Woodland. Fig. 351. 



2. Viburnum Linn. Arrow Wood M^fcftffi (Hsiu Ch'iu Hua Shu) 

 Shrubs or small trees with simple lvs. and small white or pinkish regular 5-merous 

 fls. in umbel-like or paniculately compound cymes; corolla usually rotate: fr. a drupe 

 with a one-seeded usually compressed stone. 120 species, in Eurasia, northern Africa 

 and America; 70 in China. (The old Latin name of X. lantana.) 



Key to the Species 



a. Lvs. mostly 3-lobed and coarsely dentate: cymes with enlarged 



sterile marginal fls. : f r. scarlet 1 . V. sargentii 



{.glabra 

 aa. Lvs. not lobed. 



b. Cymes with enlarged sterile marginal fls., or with all fls. 

 enlarged and radiate: fr. black. 



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