Inula COMPOSITAE Xanthium 



bracts of the involucre overlapping, in several series, very unequal or subequal; the 

 outer often herbaceous; receptacle naked: ray fls. pistillate: disk fls. perfect; anthers 

 tailed at the base: fr. 4-5-ribbed; pappus a single row of hair like bristles. 90 species, 

 in Eurasia and Africa; 10 in China. (The old Latin name.) 



1. Inula britannica Linn. IjisiWit (Hsiian Fu Hua; Spiral-cap Flower) (DC.P.5:467). 

 Erect herb, to lm.; fls. yellow, VII-X. Eurasia; locally in An., Ki., Ku. 

 Roadsides, grassland. Fig. 375. 



13. Carpesium Linn. JiftffijM (T'ien Ming Ching Shu) 

 Erect brg. herbs with alternate lvs.: heads disciform; bracts of the involucre 

 herbaceous, in several series, sometimes spreading: fls. yellow: receptacle flat, naked: 

 anther bases sagittate, with slender tails: fr. elongated, striate, short-beaked; pappus 

 none. 12 species, in Eurasia; 11 in China. 



Key to the Species 



Heads in lfy. racemes 1 . (7. abrotanoides 



Heads solitary , on long lfy . brs 2 . ( '. atkinsoniamim 



1. Carpesium abrotanoides Linn. (C. cernuum of Authors, not Linn.) ^^ffi (T'ien 

 Ming Ching; Essence-of-great-value) (H.F. 3:301). Brg. herb, to lm.; fls. yellow, 

 VIII-XI. Southeastern Asia; locally in An., Ki., Ku. Roadsides, grassland. 

 Fig. 376. 



2. Carpesium atkinsonianum Hemsl. (K.B.1893:157). Brg. herb, tolm.; fls. yellow, 

 VII-IX. China; locally in An., Ki., Ku. Roadsides, grassland. 



V. Heliantheae Helianthus Tribe [bJB^O^ (Hsiang Jih K'uei Tsu) 



Herbs (ours), shrubs or trees with opposite or alternate lvs. and mostly radiate 

 heads; bracts of the involucre not scarious; receptacle with chaffy scales (except in 

 Sheareria): style brs. with appendages at the tips: pappus never hair-like. 140 genera, 

 most abundant in America. 



14. Sheareria S. Moore ftW&Wk (Hsi Lai Chii Shu) 

 Slender brg. annual 1-3 dm. high: lvs. few, alternate, linear or narrowly lanceolate, 

 5-30 mm. long: heads small, about A mm. long and 3 mm. in diam., radiate, 4-6-fld.; 

 involucre bell-shaped, with bracts in 2 series; the inner much larger: receptacle 

 naked: rays white: anthers with triangular apical appendages; styles with 2 nearly 

 equal linear brs.: frs. oblong, narrowly 3-winged, without pappus. Two species, in 

 China. (Named for Dr. George Shearer, a British physician who collected many plant 

 specimens near Kiukiang, Kiangsi, about 1873.) 



1. Sheareria nana S. Moore /Jn#^B (Hsiao Hsi Lai Chii) (J.B.1875:227). Slender 

 herb, to 3dm.; fls. white, VIII-IX. Central China; locally in Ki. Wet places. 



A 



15. Xanthium Linn. Cocklebur M^M (Hsi Erh Shu) 



Coarse brg. monoecious annuals with alternate lobed or dentate lvs. and rather 



small greenish discoid heads; the staminate in head-like terminal clusters; the 



pistillate below; staminate involucre of distinct bracts; pistillate involucre a hard ovoid 



bur covered with hooked spines, 2-celled, each cell producing a single oblong flattened 



399 



