Cichorium COMPOSITAE Tragopogon 



48. Cichorium Linn. WjIlWi (Chii Chii Shu) 

 Perennial, biennial or annual brg. herbs, usually with deep hard roots: lvs. 

 alternate, runcinate-pinnatifid, large mostly on the lower part of the plant: bracts of 

 the involucre in two series, herbaceous, at least at the tip: fls. bright blue, sometimes 

 pink or white: fr. truncate; pappus a crown of short scales. 7 or 8 species, in the 

 Mediterranean region and in Abyssinia; one cultivated in China. (From an old 

 Arabic name.) 



1. Cichorium intybus Linn. Chicory (B.M.983). Stout perennial, to 2 m.; fls. blue. 

 Introduced from the Mediterranean region; locally in Ki., Ku. Cultivated, vegetable. 



49. Lapsana Linn. fl^^M (Tao Ch'a Ts'ai Shu) 

 Ours prostrate herbs with lyrate pinnatifid lvs. and loosely cymose infl.: involucre 

 small, with a single series of inner bracts and a lew minute outer ones: fls. yellow; 

 corolla tube very short: fr. obcompressed, with 2-4 strong ribs and several lesser 

 ones; pappus none, or of 2-4 stout hooks. About 10 species, in Eurasia; only the two 

 following known from China. 



Key to the Species 



Corollas 4-5 mm. long: frs. 3.5-4.2 mm. long; pappus none or rudimentary 1. L. apogonoides 

 Corollas 8-9 mm. long: frs. 2.8-3 mm. long; pappus of 2-4 stout hooks 2. L. uneinata 



1. Lapsana apogonoides Maxim. W\UM (Tao Ch'a Ts'ai) (St.P.B.18:288). Spreading 

 herb, to 5dm.; fls. yellow, III-IV. Eastern Asia; locally in An., Che., Hun., 

 Hup., Ku. Moist fields. 



2. Lapsana uneinata Stebbins (Madrono 4:154). Herb; fls. yellow, III-IV. East- 

 central China; locally in An. Moist fields. 



50. Picris Linn. ^M'MM (Mao Lien Ts'ai Shu) 



Lfy. -stemmed biennial or perennial herbs, strongly hirsute or setose throughout: 

 lvs. dentate or runcinate- pinnatifid: involucres 1-1.5 cm. high; their bracts rather 

 evenly imbricated; or the outer somewhat shorter than the inner: fls. yellow: frs. 

 reddish, transversely rugose, in ours with a short, thick beak; pappus white, the 

 setae moderately stout and stiff, plumose; the plumes not interlaced. 35-40 species, 

 in Eurasia and northern Africa; 2 known in China. (Greek: picros, bitter.) 



1. Picris heiracioides Linn, subsp. japonica (Thunb.) Hand.-Maz. ^MM (Mao 

 Lien Ts'ai: Densely-hairy Vegetable) (G.M.1549). Erect herb, to Ira.; fls. yellow, 

 VII-IX. Eurasia, northern Africa; locally in Hup., Ki., Ku. Field weed. 



51. Tragopogon Linn. Goat's Beard HHPI^II (P'o Lo Men Shen Shu) 



Similar in habit to Scorzonera: heads in ours very large, 5-6 cm. high in fr. ; 



bracts of the involucre in a single series: frs. large and \ong-bcaked; pappus as in 



Scorzonera. 35 species, in Europe; one cultivated in Cha. (Greek: tragos, goat, 

 and pogon, beard.) 



1. Tragopogon porrifolius Linn. Salsify #pP^# (P'o Lo Men Shen; Brahman 

 Ginseng) (B.M.983). Biennial herb, to 1.5 m.; fls. purple, IV-V. Introduced from 

 Europe; locally in Ku. Cultivated, root vegetable. 



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