Milium GKAMINLAE Alopecurus 



compressed, without prolonged rachilla: glumes subequal, 3-nerved, slightly longer 

 than the floret; lemma indurate, awnless, without (list i net callus. Five species, north 

 temperate regions; one in China. (Ancient Latin name for millet.) 



1. Milium effusum Linn. Hf: (Shu Ts'ao; Millet-grass) (Hitch. 436). Culms 90-150 

 cm. high; fls. IV; fr. V. North temperate zone; locally in Ku. Shady thickets 

 and forests. 



44. Aristida Linn. Hi^M (San Mang Ts'ao Shu; 

 Three-awned-grass Genus) 



Tufted annuals or perennials: blades narrow, usually convolute; spikelets 1-fid., in u- 

 sually narrow panicles: florets disarticulating above the glumes with a hard obconical hairy 

 callus at base; glumes subequal, persistent, very narrow, keeled, acute or acuminate ; 

 lemma somewhat indurated, cylindrical, convolute, acuminate, tip produced into a long 

 6-partite naked or feathery awn twisted below the branches; palea thin, enclosed in 

 the lemma, sometimes minute or none: grain narrow, free within the lemma; about 

 200 species, mostly in the warm arid or subarid regions of both hemispheres; 3 known 

 from China. (Latin: arista, awn.) 



1. Aristida cumingiana Trim & Rupr. (H.F. 7:224). Annual, 15-25 cm. high; fls. 

 IX-XI. Tropical and subtropical eastern Asia and the Philippines; locally in An., 

 Ki., Ku. Grassy slopes. 



45. Stipa Linn. Needlegrass Wf-^'M-M (Tsui Ma Ts'ao Shu; 

 Horse-intoxicating-grass Genus) 



Rather tall perennials with contracted or open panicles: spikelets 1-fld., lanceolate 

 or linear, without prolonged rachilla: glumes subequal, 3-several-nerved, longer than 

 the floret; lemma terete, firm or indurate, strongly convolute, with pointed or obtuse 

 bearded callus, terminating in a geniculate or rarely straight awn. About 100 species, 

 mostly of temperate arid regions; 20 in China. (Greek: stupa or stipa, coarse part 

 of the flax, tow, alluding to the feathery awns of S. pennata the type species.) 



Key to the Species 



Panicle compound, the brs. 2-5-nate, erect or spreading: spikelets 6-10 



mm. long: awns twisted, 10-25 mm. long 1 . -S. sibirica 



Panicle simple, the brs. 1-2-nate, appressed: spikelets 13-14 mm. long: 



awns straight, 25-35 mm. long 2. S. grandifolia 



1. Stipa sibirica (L.) Lam. (H.F.7:231). Culms 60-150 cm. high; fls. VIII; fr. IX. 

 Temperate Asia; locally in An., Che., Ku. Grassy slopes, forests, open thickets. 

 Fig. 428. 



2. Stipa grandifolia Keng (Si.4:322). Culms about 1 m. high; fls. VIII; fr. IX. 

 Southeastern China and Japan; locally in An. Shady woods. 



46. Alopecurus Linn. Foxtail Grass M'^WM (K'an Mai Niang Shu) 



Annuals (ours) with terminal spikelike panicles: pedicels not jointed: spikelets 



strongly laterally compressed, falling entire, without prolonged rachilla: glumes equal, 



3-nerved, usually connate at the base, about as long as the floret; lemma membranaceous 



or thinner than the glumes, faintly 5-nerved, dorsally awned from below the middle; 



461 



