Goodyera ORCHIDACEAE Bletilla 



6. Goodyera R. Br. Rattlesnake Plantain M^IMM (Pan Yeh Lan Shu) 



Low to medium-sized, erect perennials rising from a creeping stem-like rhizome; 

 leaves several, clustered near the base of the stem, ovate to elliptic, green, in our 

 species marked with white reticulations; raceme few- to several-flowered, spiral to 

 secund; lip simple, triangular-ovate, with the lower part deeply saccate and beset 

 inside with filiform papillae. 



A rather large cosmopolitan genus with about 30 species; 12 in China. (Named 

 for John Goodyer, 1592-1664, British botanist.) 



1. Goodyera schlechtendaliana Reichb.f. MWM (P an Yeh Lan; Variegated-leaf 

 Orchid) (Mak.F.690). Rather stout, 8-29 cm. tall; leaves green with white 

 reticulations; raceme loosely spiral to secund; flowers large for the genus (about 

 lcm. long), white to pink. Indo-China, China, Korea, Japan; locally in Ki. 

 Damp grassy, brushy or forested slopes. Fig. 504. 



7. Spiranthes L.C. Rich. Ladies' Tresses £§#^if (Shou Ts'ao Shu) 



Terrestrial herbs rising from a cluster of tuberous roots: stem erect, commonly 

 slender, leafy usually at or near the base, many-bracted above; leaves with narrow 

 blades; flowers small, white, pink and white or reddish, horizontal, sessile, in a 

 tivisted (or more rarely secund) raceme; perianth bilabiate; lip short-clawed, ovate 

 to broadly oblong, often more or less pandurate, dilated and crisped-undulate in front. 



About 300 species, mostly in the temperate zones; one in China. (Greek words 

 meaning spiral and flower, in reference to the twisted raceme.) 



1. Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames (S. australis (R. Br.) Lindl.) <0_sf. (Shou Ts'ao; 

 Ribbon Herb) (Mak.F.692;M.E. 1:268). Slender, erect, 6-74 cm. high; flowers red, 

 pink or white, VI. India, Siberia, China, Japan, Indo-China, Malay Peninsula, 

 Java, Sumatra, Philippine Islands, Borneo, New Caledonia, Australia, New Zealand, 

 Tasmania; locally in An., Che., Hun., Ki., Ku. Moist grassland. Fig. 505. 



8. Cephalanthera L.C. Rich. ^[^M (Chin Lan Shu) 



Erect terrestrials, commonly with leafy stems (as in our species) and fibrous 

 roots: leaves lanceolate to oblong -elliptic (rarely oval), sessile, plicate; flowers white or 

 greenish white, yellow (rarely purple), in a loose, few-flowered raceme; perianth 

 segments of the two whorls more or less alike; lip with a triangular saccate or 

 shortly spurred base. 



About 15 species, in north temperate regions; 4 in China. (Name derived from 

 the Greek words meaning head and anther.) 



1. Cephalanthera falcata (Thunb.) Blume &ffi (Chin Lan; Golden Orchid) (Mak.F. 

 693). Rather slender herb, 12-60 cm. high; flowers yellow (rarely white, greenish 

 white, or purple), IV. Korea, Japan, China; locally in An., Che., Ku. Bushy, 

 rocky and shady places. Fig. 506. 



9. Bletilla Reichb. f. %WlM (Jo Lan Shu) 

 Erect, slender or stout terrestrials, rising from corms or pseudobulbous swellings 

 on a short rhizome; stems with several leaves congested near the base or below the 

 middle of the stem; leaves large, linear to lanceolate or oblong-elliptic (3-40 cm. long 

 in our species); inflorescence loosely few-flowered, at the apex of a rather long, stiff 

 peduncle; floivers medium-sized to large, with more or less spreading segments, red- 



536 



