Echinulate ^'hfiJEKj Covered with small prickles. 



Eciliate MWc^tft Without cilia. 



Edentate MM&3 Without teeth. 



Eglandalar iMWl Without glands. 



Elaters ##£ The ribbon-like appendages on the spores of Equisetum. 



Emarginate W$$$fo Having a notch at the tip. 



Embryo IE The young plant formed in a seed. 



Endemic H$M Confined to a particular region. 



Endocarp iH-^VX The inner layer of the pericarp. 



Endosperm K#L The nutritive tissue surrounding the embryo in many seeds. 



Ensiform jtlJKlft Sword-shaped. 



Entire With even margin, not toothed. 



Epappose j&M^: Without pappus. 



Epicalyx g(I^§ A whorl of bracts resembling an extra calyx. 



Epigynous _hf±EKi Borne upon or above the ovary. 



Epipetalous fjjff- Borne on the petals. 



Epiphytes WstkMiffi Plants which grow on other plants but draw no nourishment from 

 the plants on which they grow. 



Epiphytic |5ft£Eft Growing as an epiphyte. 



Equitant llM?il^J Folded over as if astride, e.g. the leaves of Iris. 



Estipulate M It'll Without stipules. 



Evanescent i||#j Soon disappearing. 



Even pinnate \$ffl.W\V\ A pinnate leaf ending in a pair of leaflets. 



Evergreen ^HlK Bearing green leaves all the year round. 



Excavated J|3?Kj Hollowed out. 



Excurrent H;iMfi*J Where the stem remains central, the branches being regularly ar- 

 ranged around it. 



Exocarp ^H^l£ Outer layer of the pericarp. 



Exserted #iijS'j Protruding beyond, as stamens beyond the tube of the corolla. 



Estipulate MttMM Without stipules. 



Exindusiatc MUEft Without indusia. 



Extrorse ; A\$$} Directed outward, as when an anther opens outward. 



Falcate f§j& Sickle-like. 



Farinose M^^j Covered with a whitish mealy powder. 



Fasciatcd ^Tiftl'Kj When several stems have abnormally grown together. 



Fascicle rjt||, ^MaU'v A close cluster of flowers or leaves. 



Fasciculate, fastigiate ^fl^Q^j, YiM^fi'J Growing in dense clusters. 



Ferrugineous 'j-'k&i(iL Rust-colored. 



Fertile t&ff$] Capable of producing fruit 



Fibrillose fHHUff! Formed of small fibers. 



Fibrous flf)f£, $kWK Containing such fiber. 



fid frM Cleft. 



Filament IfeM. The stalk of an anther. 



Filamentous tfcM$fy Formed of filaments or fibers. 



Filiform Wfcfa Thread-like. 



Fimbriate WMVt. Fringed. 



Flabcllatc )3f^ Fan-shaped. 



Flagelliform WiV\$fy Like a whip. 



Flocculose ISifiti^Kl Like wool. 



565 



