51 



genea & continua. Vascula sen Galericulae in Cellulariis staliin considerandae, 

 subanalogae; has in Eseharis bullas ovaria forte esse suspicionem injiciuiit'. It 

 is very intelligible that the free, prominent, somewhat stalked (xrcia in Ihujiila 

 and Bicellarut would make a dilTerent impression on an observer than the od'cia 

 in the incrusting forms. Also, Ihey appear sometimes (in liiiijiild nerUind and 

 Bicellaria ciliata) not on the top of the zooeciiim but fixed to (he one side. In 

 that case they correspond in their position as well as in their equipment with a 

 stalk-like portion with the ^bird's head« avicularia in Bugiila and Bicelliiriu, 

 and Pallas considers them therefore as organs of related nature. His above-quoted 

 view, in which he terms these ditferent stalked formations as organs somewhat 

 related (subanalogae) to the otrcia in Escluira is further explained in another 

 place', where he suggests that they are of service in fertilisation (seminilicationi). 

 On account of the resemblance to the gonothecae in the hydroid polyps he is 

 disposed to consider the gonozooecia in Crisia as ovaries'. Ovariorum qvae in 

 Sertulariis videbimus similes vesiculas in sola C. (Crisia) eburnea & falcata obser- 

 vatores invenerunt. An aliis qvo(}ve speciebus contigerint incertum. Reperti vero 

 in C. neritina & avicularia Galericuli sen Calyculi singulares, in recenti stirpe 

 spontaneo motu priediti, singulisque cellulis adpositi, qvorum certus usus hucus- 

 qve nos latet, seminilicationi in his speciebus destinata organa fortassis esse repe- 

 rienlur«. It is evident from what he says further: ^Lateralis inspectio .. . docet, 

 bullulas istas esse galericulis s. neclariis caput aviculae referentibus, in G. avi- 

 cularia, analoga organa'"', that he considers the ooecia in BiujnUt neritina as or- 

 gans of a similar nature as the 'bird's head« avicularia. This view, that the 

 ooecia and the avicularia are related formations we tind again in several later 

 writers, and with regard to the designation »Nectarium which Pallas often uses 

 for the .stalked otecia and avicularia, we find an explanation in Ellis and 

 Solander's work. 



In this work, published by Ellis' daughter after the death of the writers', 

 it is said regarding Flnstra: The ovaries appear to be the pearl-like studs, 

 which we find at the tops of the cellss and regarding >(>//(/;•;>(.: »lhe ovaries 

 are uncertain, but most probably the little hemispherical covers, thai appear 

 over the cells, do that officer. Ellis returns here again to the od-cia in /)'»</. 

 neritin<t: In my observations on this genus I cannot pass over the singularity 

 of the Celiaria neritina, or Snail-bearing Coralline. The likeness to Nerits of its 

 rows of little round adhering bodies, which are open on one side, together with 

 their shell-like figure . . . inclined me to believe at first thai they were the young 



' <.ii, p. (>(). ■■ ill. p. i;s. •' i:i, pp- 11. 10— 20, •-'ii. 



