ORDER TREMELLALES 451 



Among the effused forms is Cerinomyces Martin, 1949 {Ceracea of 

 authors), forming a thin waxy to fleshy layer, without definite mycelial 

 roots. The basidiospores may remain nonseptate or in some species may 

 become transversely septate. The genus Arrhytidia forms tough waxy, at 

 first discoid, then broadly effused spore fruits with a centrally rooting 

 base. The spore fruits of Dacrymyces are sessile, attached by a point or 

 rhizoids, or substipitate. They are gelatinous to waxy, pulvinate, discoid, 

 or cerebriform, or even cupulate. The entire exposed area is covered by 

 the hymenium which may become wrinkled or folded when older. Martin 

 (1944) recognizes seven species in the United States and Canada. Guepi- 

 niopsis {Heterotextus of earher works) produces substipitate, cupulate spore 

 fruits, with the cup often turned downward so that the hymenium is in- 

 ferior. The cortex consists of swollen, thick-walled cells. The interior 

 hyphae are strongly gelatinized. Femsjonia is also discoid or cupulate, 

 sometimes substipitate, but is white-villous or tomentose externally. 

 Dacryopinax (Martin, 1948, a name substituted for the more familiar but 

 preoccupied name Guepinia), also may be cupulate and erect when young, 

 becoming spatulate, fan-shaped or petaloid, with hymenium on the lower 

 side. The spore fruits are definitely stipitate and tough or cartilaginous. 

 Dacryomitra also is stipitate, with a distinct pileus more or less morchel- 

 loid in appearance and gelatinous. The hymenium covers all sides of the 

 head. Calocera is cornute to coralloid, with hymenium on all sides. It 

 resembles Clavaria but differs in the basidial structure — gelatinous to 

 tough. (Fig. 148.) 



Order Tremellales. Spore fruits varying from adhering, waxy or 

 gelatinous sheets to fohose or cushion-like or pileate structures, sometimes 

 upright and branched, forming more or less leaf-like lobes, or funnel- 

 shaped. In the genus Hyaloria the spore fruit is soft with a rounded head. 

 The consistency of the fruit body in this order may be very soft-gelatinous 

 to almost leathery or waxy and may become horny when dry. The colors 

 range from white to yellow, brown or almost black. 



The basidial primordium is terminal and rounded but in Sirobasidium 

 the basidia are produced basipetally from the apex in the same hypha. 

 The young basidium is binucleate. After the fusion of the nuclei in the 

 typical cases the diploid nucleus undergoes its two meiotic divisions at 

 right angles to the axis of the cell (chiastobasidially) and then a vertical 

 septum is formed, followed almost immediately by another vertical sep- 

 tum at right angles to the first in each of the two cells. At the top of each 

 of the four cells so formed a sterigma may be produced bearing one ba- 

 sidiospore. More often, since the majority of the species are gelatinous 

 with the basidia embedded a short distance below the surface, a tube-like 

 extension of the basidial cell grows upward to the surface, there producing 

 the sterigma and basidiospore. These tubular outgrowths are homologous 



