514 CLASS BASIDIOMYCETEAE 



Fructifications not enlarged above (i.e., slenderly clavate to filiform 

 clubs) ; spores various. 

 Fructifications over 2 cm. tall; not obviously restricted to specific 

 hosts or substrata; or the fructifications fascicled fleshy 

 forms; often globose spores. 

 Tramal hyphae with many secondary cross walls; clamp connec- 

 tions rare. Clavaria 

 Tramal hyphae with secondary cross walls only rarely; clamp 

 connections on most cross walls. Clavulinopsis 

 Fructifications smaller, restricted to specific hosts or substrata 

 which may be sclerotia or living plants; spores eUipsoid or 

 flattened on one side. 

 With a sclerotial base; stipe slender and distinct; mostly over 5 



mm. tall. Typhula 



Without a sclerotial base; stipe not distinct; mostly less than 2 

 mm. tall. PistiUaria 



Spores typically ochraceous, mostly roughened or obdurate walls; basidia four- 



spored. 

 Toughish to woody; spores echinate or sharply warty; hymenium sometimes 

 unilateral; not becoming green with Fe?S04 solution.' 

 Coarse, leathery to woody fungi; hymenium often unilateral or branches 

 flattened. Thelephora 



(some species) 

 Delicate toughish to woody fungi; hymenium covering all surfaces of the 

 rounded branches. Scytinopogon 



Fleshy; spores smooth, verrucose to echinulate; hymenium on all lateral sur- 

 faces of the branches; becoming green with Fe2S04 solution. 

 Simple, unbranched fungi with broadened sterile apices; sometimes "mush- 

 room-like" in form. Gomphus 



{Cantharellus in part) 

 Branched fungi; coralloid in form. Clavariella 



Key to the More Important Genera of Family Hydnaceae 



(Based on Miller, 1983) 



Fructification with a porose-reticulate hymenial surface covered over with minute 

 warts over which the hymenium continues. Grammothele 



Fructification with distinct warts or teeth, never poroid. 



Trama dark; spores roughened, subhyaline to dark, usually brown. 



Resupinate, soft, floccose, growing on wood. Caldesiella 



Stipitate, fleshy or coriaceous; growing on the ground. 



Fleshy. Hydnum 



Fibrous tough. Calodon 



Trama pale; spores smooth or sometimes echinulate, hyaline or slightly colored. 



Teeth arising directly from the woody substratum. Mucronella 



Teeth developed on a distinct hymenophore.- 



' Some of the following genera may belong in other families but are clavarioid in 

 form. 



2 The genera Hydnochaele, Irpex, and Echinodontium, in which the flattened teeth 

 develop by the breaking up of pores should be sought in Family Polyporaceae. 



