522 CLASS BASIDIOMYCETEAE 



Basidia with darkly staining granules with aceto-carmine. 



Lyophyllum 



Basidia not as above. Collybia 



(including Myxocollybia) 



Stipe usually over 3-5 mm. in thickness, typically fleshy. 

 Stipe readily separable, with a clean break, from the pileus. 

 Volva present and annulus absent, Vaginata 



(Amanitopsis) 



Volva and annulus present. Amanita 



{Venenarius) 



Volva absent; annulus present. 



Gill trama divergent; pileus viscid; annulus large to small or obsolete, not 

 movable. Limacella 



{Lepiota in part) 



Gill trama interwoven to parallel. 



Spores thick- walled, with germ pore; annulus movable. 



Leucocoprinus 



Spores thin-walled, without germ pore; annulus fixed or movable. 



Lepiota 

 Stipe and pileus confluent (not readily separable) ; annulus present or absent. 

 Universal veil (or cuticle of cap and the outer layers of sheath on stipe) 



powdery to granulose. Cystoderma 



Veil if present not granulose on outer surface (hyphal cells not readily sep- 

 arable from each other). 

 Partial veil present. 



Veil typically leaving a membranous annulus. 



Lamellae clearly decurrent. Armillariella 



Lamellae emarginate or sinuate, with a tooth. 



Armillaria 

 Veil fibrillose, merely leaving a fibrillose zone on the stipe. 



Tricholoma 

 Partial veil absent or rudimentary. 



Spores amyloid; fruiting body typically large and fleshy; pileus ap- 

 pressed fibrillose to dull and unpolished, rarely hygrophanous and 

 glabrous ; conspicuous mycelium surrounding base of stipe and ex- 

 tending through the surrounding debris (if hygrophanous with 

 rough spores, see Melanoleuca); pigment, if present, intracellular. 



Leucopaxillus 

 Spores not amyloid or if so fruiting body not as above. 



Gills broadly emarginate, with a waxy luster and some shade of flesh 

 color; spores typically echinulate and not amyloid. 



Laccaria 

 Gills not waxy-appearing as above; adnexed to emarginate; spores 

 typically roughened but amyloid; harpoon-like cheilocystidia pres- 

 ent; pigment, if present, epicellular. Melanoleuca 

 Gills decurrent to adnate; fruiting bodies often blackening when 

 bruised; typically hygrophanous with somber colors; growing in 

 tufts; basidia with dark granules when stained with aceto-carmine. 



Lyophyllum 

 Gills adnate to sinuate; not hygrophanous; never turning black; 



spores typically not amyloid. Tricholoma 



Gills decurrent; spores not amyloid, Clitocybe 



