542 



CLASS BASIDIOMYCETEAE 



the pileiis breaks loose from the base of the stipe as the latter elongates 

 and leaves no volva. 



Possibly closely related to Secotium are Gyrophragmium, Longula, and 

 Montagnea {Montagniies). In them the mature spore fruit is more highly 

 organized than in Secotium. When the pileus expands, exposing the under 

 side of the gleba, it leaves a volva, and sometimes an annulus, in Gyro- 

 phragmium, and a two-layered annulus, but no volva in Longula. In these 

 genera the expanded pileus is convex. The gleba is lamellar, but consider- 

 ably anastomosed. In Montagnea the pileus at maturity is a small disk at 

 the apex of the stipe with the black radially lamellar gleba hung beneath 

 it and free from the stipe as in the foregoing genera. This extends beyond 

 the disk as separate lamellae. There is a volva but no annulus. The de- 

 velopment oi Longula texensis (B. & C.) Zeller has been studied by Barnett 

 (1943). It is angiocarpic and similar to that of Agaricus. 



Family Hysterangiaceae. In this family the coralloid structure of 

 the developing gleba is very marked. The enlarged end of a rhizomorph 

 develops into a body with a peridium and a central core. The enlarging 

 core begins to form folds and plates under the expanding peridium. These 

 anastomose so that eventually a multilocular gleba is formed with a 



Fig. 175. Hymenogastrales, Family Hysterangiaceae. Gautieria plunibea Zell. & 

 Dodge. (A) Vertical section of fruiting body. (B) Portion of hymonium. (C) Basidio- 

 spores. (Courtesy, Zeller and Dodge: Ann. Missouri Botan. Garden, 5(2):133-142.) J 



