Lecture III — 43 — Fungal Endophytet, 



ponderosa (Birch, 1937). Armillaria is mycorrhizal only in Japan, 

 so far as records go. 



Whatever spore-colour may, or may not, have to do with it, 

 the great majority of mycorrhiza-forming agarics are white-spored, 

 Cortinarius being the only important exception. 



Gasteromycetous Mycorrhizal Fungi: — The record for the 

 Gasteromycetes is much shorter. For Lycoperdon, McArdle (1932) 

 stated that L. gemmatmn formed mycorrhizae in synthesis vv^ith Pinus 

 Sfrobus and Picea nigra, and he implicates L. pulcherrimum also in 

 mycorrhiza-formation. Birch (1937) found L. /'^r/a^i«w mycorrhizal 

 on P. laricio; but Modess (1939, 1941) said that this fungus failed 

 to enter into synthesis; also L. pyriforme. Similarly, McArdle re- 

 garded Calvatia saccata as mycorrhizal, but Modess says that this 

 species did not enter into synthesis. Again, Noack (1889) implicates 

 Geaster fimbriatus and G. fornicatns, but Modess says that G. 

 minimus did not enter into synthesis; and Melin (1925) also failed 

 to secure synthesis. Scleroderma has a better record since three 

 species, — aurantium, hovista, and vulgare, — are fully attested as 

 mycorrhizal, with even Modess (1941) agreeing on the first. In 

 South Africa, Polysaccum crassipes is mycorrhizal on Eucalyptus, 

 and shows phagocytosis unusually well (Smith & Pope, 1934). 



Phallomycetous Mycorrhizal Fungi : — Only one record appears 

 for the Phallomycetes, vie. that offered by Barsali (1922): My- 

 corrhizal-like mycelia on roots of Robinia Pseudo-Acacia were seen 

 in fruit to be Clathrus cancellatus; and in the same way the fungus 

 was found in gardens on roots of Phyllostachys bambusoides and 

 P. nigra. 



Form Genera of Mycorrhizal Fungi: — The "form genera" of 

 mycorrhizal fungi have yet to be considered. These homeless waifs 

 of mycological taxonomy have been adopted by ardent mycorrhizolo- 

 gists and given cognomens which do not relate them to any other fungi 

 but do enable the student to talk about them conveniently. That is, 

 convenience with some reservations, for, confronted with such scienti- 

 fic names as Mycelium radicis Walyczvi or Mycelium radicis Didymo- 

 plexis pallentia, one wonders whether taxonomy may not have reverted 

 to pre-Linnaean habits. Melin goes still further and speaks of 

 M.r. abietis, alpha, beta, gamma, etc. 



Fusarium: — The form genus Fusarium, established by Link in 

 1809, is the longest cited form-genus in connection with mycorrhizae. 



