Lecture V — 63 — Distribution 



while succeeding papers are in a chance taxonomic order. Holloway 

 (1920) wrote on fungal symbiosis in epiphytic prothallia of several 

 New Zealand lycopodia, describing the infected thalli in some detail. 

 Next may be noted some remarks attributed by Prof. Cockayne 

 (1923) to Prof. E. H. Wilson, who thought that slow growth of 

 pine in garden soil was due to climate rather than to any lack of 

 microorganisms. But Walker (1931) presented a study of the 

 mycorrhizae of Pinus radiata, "one of the chief exotic timber trees 

 of New Zealand", collections of which were made in various localities 

 in the Nelson and Canterbury districts. Miss Walker stated that 

 no difficulty in establishing this pine had been experienced in N.Z. 

 McKee (1941) gives us a paper on growth of spruce at Conical Hill, 

 a mycorrhizal explanation. And from Birch (1937) came a paper 

 on "forest fungi of significance in New Zealand" which records my- 

 corrhizal symbiosis proved or suspected in several exotic pines, in 

 Betula alba and Nothofagus Solanderi. Neill (1940) wrote on 

 endophytic infection of Lolinm, which however was not mycorrhizal 

 since the infection was confined to the leaves. Invasion of roots was 

 found in field grown plants but the hyphae differed from those of 

 the leaves. 



Later, Neill (1944) recorded mycorrhizae caused by Rhiso- 

 phagus in virtually all vascular components of the New Zealand 

 flora except in exotic pines, where it has not "been identified with 

 certainty." 



Australia: — This country has attacked the mycorrhizal problem 

 especially from an economic standpoint. McLennan has made in- 

 tensive studies of Lolinm while Young has studied exotic conifers, 

 the former in Victoria and the latter in Queensland. From Queens- 

 land comes also a note by Simmonds (1936) which records mycor- 

 rhizae on exotic pines and the rapid infection following acidification 

 of the soil with sulphur. The first published mention of mycorrhiza 

 in Queensland is said to refer tO' Finns taeda and to date from 1928. 

 New South Wales gives us McLuckie and a series of papers on my- 

 corrhizae. — of Dipodinm, an orchid which grows under Eucalyptus; 

 Gastrodia, another orchid ; of Macrozamla, Podocarpus, Casuarina, 

 and Eriostemon, — in which last study Alan Burges participated. 

 Victoria provides, in addition to the work of McLennan, a paper by 

 Coleman (1936) on Sarcosiphon, a rare Thismiaceous plant asso- 

 ciated with hazel. In the adjacent island of Tasmania, Saxton (1930) 

 studied Pherosphaera, one of the Podocarpineae. At Penola, in South 

 Australia, Samuel (1926) found an oat disease associated with 

 typical endotrophic mycorrhizae and this discovery led him to a 



