Relley — 66 — Mycotrophy 



proportion of the native flora. Myrica carolinensis from the coastal 

 area of New Jersey was described as mycorrhizal by Harshberger 

 (1903), In an unpublished paper prepared in 1930, Kelley listed 

 as mycorrhizal 160 out of 172 spp. of woody plants investigated in 

 the Middle Atlantic States. 



Southern U.S.A.: — There is only one paper on mycorrhizal 

 distribution in the Southern States of the American Union, a paper 

 by McDouGALL (1928) on the 16 spp. which he observed in the 

 Great Smoky Mountains of North Carolina and eastern Tennessee. 

 Three of these species he considered non-mycorrhizal, namely Leio- 

 phyllum and Rhododendron which are ericaceous, and Sassafras, which 

 Kelley finds to be mycorrhizal. His other species are conifers, 

 cupulifers, magnolias and hickory. Besides this paper there are 

 isolated observations: Pine is mycorrhizal in North Carolina (Ashe, 

 1915; Cobbe, 1916) ; while southern pine (presumably P. palustris) 

 is termed mycorrhizal by Pessin (1939) and Huberman (1940), 

 both authors saying that the mycorrhizae are abundant. Pessin in 1928 

 reported 4 spp. of pine mycorrhizal at Bogalusa, Mississippi, and 

 mycorrhizae abundant on seedlings grown at McNeill, in the same 

 state. The orchid Tipularia collected in South Carolina contains an 

 endophyte (Clifford, 1899) ; the valuable pecan (Hicoria) bears 

 mycorrhizae in Georgia (Woodroof, 1933) ; the exotic Casiiarina 

 is mycorrhizal in Florida (Mowry, 1933) ; while the orchid Zeuxine 

 strateumatica of S.E. Asia is now established in peninsular Florida 

 (Porter, 1942), Atkinson (1892) noticed galls on Ceanothus 

 collected in Alabama. 



Central U.S.A.: — Turning next to the mid-portion of the U.S.A., 

 active centers of mycorrhizal study are found. In Indiana, Doak 

 (1927) presented a list of 21 mycorrhiza-bearing species of plants 

 collected about Lafayette, mostly trees but with a few herbs, including 

 the fern, Adiantmn. In lUinois, Lessman (1928) hsted "a new form 

 of ectotrophic mycorrhiza" on Quercus hicolor. At Urbana, Illinois, 

 McDougall & Liebtag (1928) examined 145 of the 183 spp. occur- 

 ring in the university woods and found that mycorrhizal fungi oc- 

 curred on roots of 93 spp. Pfeiffer (1914) found Thisniia with 

 endophyte on prairie near Chicago. For Michigan, Duthie (1908) 

 presented a list of mycorrhizal tree species but the list cannot be fol- 

 lowed since no scientific names are given. A detailed study of ten 

 species of native plants growing in bogs of the Huron River Valley 

 led Transeau (1906) to consider their "mycorrhiza" to be detri- 

 mental, but as they were bog plants perhaps the structures were 



