Kelley — 108 — Mycotrophy 



claims, absorb much water and fill the entire cell lumen. Terminal 

 swellings of the hyphae are also degeneration stages of the fungus 

 which are ultimately digested by the host-cell, during which process 

 the fungal masses pass through various degenerative stages. Spherical, 

 oval and other shaped bodies of an oily consistency appear during the 

 digestive process and to these he applied the name "Exkretkorper". 

 Shibata had described a proteolytic enzyme from alder mycodomatia. 

 The author has seen numerous yellow clots in outer cortical cells of 

 Alnus riigosa, which alder has coralloid mycorrhizae in addition to 

 mycodomatia. Klecka & Vukolov describe fungal digestion in alder 

 and other nodules and regard the fungus as provider of starch and 

 protein. Hiltner (1896) claimed that alder nodules assimilate free 

 nitrogen; and he also found that CaCOg stops their growth. Borm 

 (1931) said that in Alnus it has been found possible to prove that the 

 bacteria fix N, but that it is not certain the nodules formed only by 

 fungi can perform this process. 



Polygonum: — Ectotrophic mycorrhizae are constant in P. vivi- 

 parum, not only in the countless adventive roots but in the bulblets 

 (Hesselman, 1900), which must then be considered as mycodomatia. 



Raphanus: — Molliard (1920) stated that radish produces 

 tubers perfectly well under sterile conditions when supplied with 

 sugar and CO2 in sufficient quantity. The presumption is that in 

 nature radishes are "fungus-chambers" called forth by infection. 



Tribulus: — In sandy places of the Gov. Cherson in Russia, among 

 dry arid sand vegetation, Issatschenko (1913) found fleshy green 

 specimens of T. terrestris that bore nodules on their roots, — small 

 white ones on thin roots and larger dark nodules that recalled legu- 

 minous nodules. In section, dark septate hyphae were evident, cloth- 

 ing outside of the nodule and penetrating into it in places while within, 

 the hyphae were thinner and lighter in colour, and proceeded from 

 cell to cell. Disappearance of starch from the nodules was observed. 

 Issatschenko thought that these mycodomatia were true mycorrhizae 

 and agreed with Bernard that using of the starch increases osmosis of 

 the cell and with it the water intake. 



Legumes : — In addition to bacterial nodules and endotrophic m}'- 

 corrhizae, legumes possess mycodomatia. Janse (1897) described 

 fungal nodules in Pithecolobium montanum, a member of the Mimo- 

 saceae: the cortex contains 2 layers of tannin cells separated by 2 

 layers of parenchyma and in the latter the fungus is found, but it never 



