Bulgaria 197 



ExsiccATi: N. Am. Fungi 449; Fungi Columb. 248; Rav. 

 Fungi Car. 4: 2.^; Rab. -Winter. Fungi F^u. 3467 (as Peziza pellifa 

 Cooke & Peck). 



Frequent in woods in midsummer. 



3. Bulgaria melastoma (Sow.) Seaver, comb. nov. 



Peziza melastoma Sow. Engl. Fungi pi. 149 (with descr.). 1799. 

 Peziza rhizopus Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. 317. 1805. 

 Calycina melastoma S. F. Gray, Nat. Arrang. Brit. PI. 670. 1821. 

 Peziza atrorufa Grev. Scot. Crypt. Fl. 315 (with descr.). 1828, 

 Peziza crenulata Fuckel, Bot. Zeit. 19: 250. 1861. 

 Plectania melastoma Fuckel, Symb. Myc. 324. 1869. 

 Peziza hirtipes Cooke, Bull. Buff. Acad. Sci. 2: 290. 1875. 

 Laclinea melastoma Gill. Champ. Fr. Discom. 66. 1880. 

 Peziza rhizomorpha Ellis & Ev. Jour. Myc. 4: 98. 1888. 

 Plectania hirtipes Sacc. Syll. Fung. 8: 163. 1889. 

 Plectania rhizomorpha Sacc. Syll. Fung. 8: 164. 1889. 

 Urnula melastoma Boud. Hist. Class. Discom. Eu. 55. 1907. 

 Sarcoscypha melastoma Hone, Minn. Bot. Studies 4: 97. 1909. 

 Scutellinia melastoma Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 3': 520. 1898. 

 Sctitellinia hirtipes Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 3^: 520. 1898. 

 Scutellinia rhizomorpha Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 3^: 520. 1898. 



Apothecia gregarious or cespitose, shott-stipitate or sessile, 

 at first globose or subglobose, gradually opening with a circular 

 aperture, but with the margin remaining incur\ed, entirely 

 black or brownish-black, externally tomentose, the substance 

 tough outside with an internal gelatinous layer, becoming much 

 wrinkled in drying, reaching a diameter of 1-2 cm. and of about 

 the same depth; hymenium deeply concave, a little paler than 

 the outside of the apothecium, smooth and glistening, splitting 

 into vein-like markings when dry; stem when present, short and 

 stout, attached to the substratum by a dense tuft of black 

 mycelium which penetrates into the humus and binds it together; 

 hairs brown, flexuous, long, about 7 ji in diameter, often inter- 

 spersed with brick-red granules; asci cylindric, reaching a length 

 of 500-600 yu and a diameter of 15-18 m. tapering below into a 

 long, slender, stem-like base; spores ellipsoid, with the ends 

 strongly narrowed, smooth, hyaline, 9-10 X 20-25 m; paraphyses 

 filiform, scarcely enlarged above, yellowish-brown. 



Attached to sticks and twigs in woods. 



Type locality: Crreat Britain. 



Distribution: Maine to Manitoba, Washington, Mexico 

 and the West Indies; also in Europe, New Zealand and Australia. 



