114 



The North American Cup-Fungi 



diameter), for the most part bright-colored, whitish, yellowish, 

 or occasionally dingy-brown, reddish, or with a greenish tint, 

 usually with a whitish vegetative mycelium; asci usually 8- 

 spored; spores simple (1 -celled), or occasionally spuriously 

 septate, ellipsoid, fusoid, or allantoid, hyaline or subhyaline; 

 paraphyses very slender. 



Type species, Helvella acicidaris Bull. 



The genus Pseudociboria is characterized by having two kinds 

 of paraphyses, hyaline and colored, which in the opinion of the 

 writer would scarcely warrant the establishment of a separate 

 genus. 



This is a large and cumbersome genus. Attempts to break 

 it up have not been very successful. The separation of Phialea 

 on the presence of a stem has been disregarded by recent workers. 

 Many species have been described from scant material and never 

 re-collected so that their value must remain uncertain at best. 

 If it were possible to call a moratorium on the description of new 

 species until the old ones could be better known it would be a 

 great advantage to the monographer but that is probably too 

 much to expect. The species are keyed out to the best of our 

 ability. 



Spores 20 tx or more long. 



Spores more than 30 m long. 

 On fallen leaves of Alnus. 

 On fallen leaves of Steironema. 

 Spores not usually exceeding 30 m. 

 Spores clavate. 

 Spores fusoid. 



On herbaceous stems. 

 On fallen leaves of Salix. 

 Spores usually 15-20 n long. 

 On fruits. 



On old acorns and hickory-nuts. 

 On seeds of Nyssa sylvatica. 

 Not on fruits. 



On cryptogams. 



On living mosses. 

 On old fungi, Fames. 

 On phanerogams. 



On monocot. leaves, Iris. 

 On dicots. of various kinds. 

 On fallen leaves or petioles. 

 On petioles of Acer. 

 Not on petioles. 



1. H. fastidiosum. 



2. H. Dearnessii. 



3. H. serotinum. 



4. H. Scutula. 



5. H. salicellum. 



6. H. fructigenum. 



7. H. nyssicola. 



8. H. tiirbinatum. 



9. H. mycetophUum. 



10. H. nigromaculatum. 



\\. H. fratertium. 



