258 The North American Cup-Fungi 



Ciboria pygmaea Rehm in Rab. Krypt.-Fl. 1': 760. 1893. 

 Helotiurn Hedwigii Massee, Brit. Fungus-Fl. 4: 243. 1895. 

 Helotium nudum Massee, Brit. Fungus-Fl. 4: 498. 1895. 

 Calycina rhizogena Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pi. 3'': 449. 1898. 

 Hymenoscyphus affinissimus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. y-. 485. 1898. 

 Lachnum Hedivigii Bres. Ann. Myc. 1: 121. 1903. 

 Lachnum pygmaeum Bres. Ann. Myc. 1: 121. 1903. 

 Ciboria carbonaria Feltg. Vorst. Pilz-Fl. Luxenb. P: 44. 1903. 

 Helotium carbonarium Bond. Hist. Class. Discom. Eu. 113. 1907. 

 Helotium flexipes Boud. Hist. Class. Discom. Eu. 114. 1907. 

 Hymenoscypha nuda Boud. Hist. Class. Discom. Eu. 122. 1907. 

 Helotium subrubescens Rehm, Ann. Myc. 7: 524. 1909. 

 Helolachnum aurantiacum Torrend, Broteria 9: 53. 1910. 

 Ciboria subrubescens Dodge, Trans. Wis. Acad. Sci. 17: 1033. 1914. 

 Lachnum rkizophilum Vel. Monog. Discom. Bohem. 1: 258. 1934. 



Apothecia gregarious or ccspitose, typically occurring in a 

 few cespitose clusters of five to ten each, surrounded by a few 

 growing singly, stipitate, 2-7 mm. high, 2-4 mm. in diameter, at 

 first infundibuliform, then spreading and plane; stem slender, 

 flexuous, usually somewhat thickened just below the disc, pale- 

 yellow to flesh-color, or dull-orange, more or less whitish-puberu- 

 lent, often appearing smooth in the dried condition, the margin 

 rather obtuse, when dried becoming somewhat elevated above 

 the hymenium, finely and obscurely puberulent; h>'mcnium pale- 

 yellow to deep-yellow, often varying toward orange, or apricot, 

 retaining the color on drying, or becoming more ochraceous; 

 hairs 20-50 ^t long, clavate, rough, hyaline-white, 4-6 ^ in diam- 

 eter, 1-2-septate; asci small, cylindric, 60-75 X 4.5-6 yu; spores 

 2-seriate, 1-celled, narrow, broadest just above the middle, 

 slightly tapering toward a point, at the lower end, round, or only 

 slightly pointed above, straight, 1.9-2.4 X 7-11 jx; paraphyses 

 more or less lance-pointed, protruding above the asci, septate, 

 3-4.5 jjL in diameter. 



Apothecia arising at ground level on partly buried plant 

 debris of all sorts, especialh' on roots and rhizomes of grasses 

 and other herbaceous plants and on limbs of both frondose and 

 coniferous trees. 



Type locality: Europe. 



Distribution: Throughout northern United States and 

 southern Canada; also in Europe. 



Illustrations: Trans. Linn. Soc. 24: pi. 25, f. 11-12, 18; 25: 

 pi. 55, f. 7-18; Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. State Univ. Iowa 6: pi. 24, 

 f. 3 ad. 



