DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTION 



337 



processes of growth and metabolism. Vochting 1 has collected the scattered 

 literature of this subject and has employed the surgical term transplantation to 

 designate all kinds of coalescences between plant parts. 



Experiments have shown that widely different portions of plants may be 

 brought together and made to coalesce. Even the transplantation of a leaf 

 directly on to a root may be accomplished, as in the case of the beet. The 

 whole upper portion of a beet plant is cut away, leaving nothing but the fleshy 

 root, in the lower portion of which an incision is made. Into this incision is 

 inserted the cut end of a leaf petiole and the two parts are bound together. 

 The tissues coalesce and the leaf remains alive and grows. 2 Even portions of 



Fig. 172. — Leaf of Achimenes haageana, from which roots and flowers have been formed. 



(After Goebel.) 



different varieties of fruit may be made to coalesce in this way. For example 

 (Fig. 173), a gourd fruit of the variety poire verte was grafted by its stem upon 

 one of the variety a fruits jaunes; then the lower part of the former was cut 

 away and a similar portion of a fruit of a third variety, a fruits blancs, was trans- 

 planted to the cut surface thus left. The whole system of three different kinds 

 of fruit continued to grow after the operation. 



1 Vochting, Hermann, Ueber Transplantation am Pflanzenkorper. Tubingen, 1892. 



2 Daniel, Lucien, Recherches morphologiques et physiologiques sur la greffe. Rev. gen. bot. 6: 5-21. 

 60-75. 1894. Idem, Sur quelques applications pratiques de la greffe herbacee. I bid. 6: 356-369. 1894- 

 Idem, Un noveau precede de greffage. Ibid. 9: 213-219. 1897. Idem, Les conditions de reussite des 

 grefles. Ibid. 12 : 355-368. 405-415, 447-455. 511-529. 1000. Dorofejew, N., Ueber Transplantations- 

 versuche an etilierten Pflanzen. (Vorlaufige Mitteilung.) Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 22 : 53-61. 1904. 



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