Xn CONTENTS 



Chapter 11, contd. PaGE 



3. The Organic Peroxide Hypothesis 286 



4. The Oxidase Hypothesis 293 



5. Experiments with Heavy Water 295 



Bibliography 298 



Chap. 12. Inhibition and Stimulation of Photosynthesis. I. Catalyst Poisons and 



Narcotics 300 



A. Catalyst Poisons 301 



1. Cyanide Inhibition of Photosynthesis 301 



2. Effect of Cyanide on Hydrogen-Adapted Algae 310 



3. Hydroxylamine 311 



4. Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Inorganic Poisons 315 



5. lodoacetyl and Other Organic Poisons 318 



B. Narcotics 320 



Bibliography 324 



Chap. 13. Inhibition and Stimulation of Photosynthesis. II. Various Chemical 



and Physical Agents 326 



A. Influence of Oxygen on Photosynthesis 326 



B. Effect of Excess Carbon Dioxide 330 



C. Effect of Carbohydrates on Photosynthesis 331 



D. Influence of Dehydration on Photosynthesis 333 



E. Inorganic Elements and Ions 335 



1. Ionic Deficiency Effects 336 



2. Ionic Inhibition Effects 339 



F. Miscellaneous Chemical Stimulants 342 



G. Physical Stimulants and Inhibitors _ 344 i 



1. Ultraviolet Light ' 344 



2. Electric Fields and Currents 346 



3. Radioactive Rays 346 



Bibliography 347 



PART TWO— THE STRUCTURE AND CHEMISTRY OF THE 

 PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS 



Chap. 14. The Chloroplasts and Chromoplasts 355 



A. Structure of the Chloroplasts 355 



1. Number, Size, and Shape 355 



2. The Grana 358 



3. The Lamina 'T . . . 362 



4. The Birefringence of Chloroplasts 365 



B. Composition of the Chloroplasts 368 



1. Separation and Total Quantity of Chloroplastic Matter 368 



2. Proteins and Lipoids in the Cytoplasm and the Chloroplasts. . . 371 



3. The Chloroplast Ash 376 



4. The Chloroplast Enzymes 379 



C. Pigments in the Chloroplasts 382 



1. Association of Pigments with Proteins and Lipoids in the Cell. 382 



2. Pigment-Protein Suspensions and Solutions 384 



3. The Chlorophyll-Protein Ratio 389 



4. Role of Lipides in Chloroplasts; the Model of Hubert 391 



Bibliography 394 



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