132 



CARBON METABOLISM III 



Table 1. The Formation of Organic Acids from Carbohydrates 

 by Fungi and Actinomycetes* 



Acid 

 Gluconic acid 



HOCHo— (HCOH) 4 - 



-COOH 



Mannonic acid 



HOCH 2 — (CHOH) 4 — COOH 



Galactonic acid 



HOCH 2 — (CHOH)— COOH 



Glucuronic acid J 

 HOOC— (HCOH) 4 — CHO 



Saccharic acid 



HOOC— (CHOH) 4 — COOH 



2-Ketogluconic acid 



HOCH2— (CHOH) 3 — CO— COOH 



Xylonic acid J 



HOCH 2 — (CHOH) 3 — COOH 



Arabonic acid J 



HOCH2— (CHOH) 3 — COOH 



Lactic acid 



CH 3 — CHOH— COOH 



Organisms 



Mucor plumbeus, Rhizopus spp.f (465); 

 Ceratostomella ulrni (166); Coniophora 

 cerebellar Merulius lacrymans,\ Polypo- 

 rus vaporarius (465); Aspergillus spp. 

 (80, 192, 321, 379); Dematium pullulans 

 (422); Fumago vagans (80); Fusarium 

 lini (399); Penicillium spp. (80, 321); 

 Sclerotium delphinii (414) 



Aspergillus niger (321); Penicillium luteo- 

 purpurogenum (13) 



Aspergillus niger (321) 



Penicillium spp. (298, 474); Stereum hirsu- 

 tum (356); Ustulina vulgaris (567) 



Aspergillus niger (126) 

 Penicillium brevi-comp actum (474) 



Fusarium lini (265) 



Fusarium lini (265) 



Allomyces arbuscula (292); Apodachlya sp. 

 (23); Blastocladia pringsheimii (106); 

 Chytridium sp., Macrochytrium botrydio. 

 ides (152); Monoblepharella sp. (374); 

 Mucor rouxii (132); Mucor spp. (502) > 

 Pythiogeton sp. (107); Rhipidium sp. 

 (231); Rhizopus spp. (453, 541); Sapro- 

 myces elongatus (231); Botrytis cinerea 

 (224); Monilia spp. (377, 457); Actino- 

 myces spp. (184, 291); Streptomyces spp. 

 (171, 424, 562) 



* Exclusive of the keto acids, the higher fatty acids, and acidic ring compounds. 

 Organisms are listed by groups: phycomycetes, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes, 

 Fungi Imperfecti, actinomycetes, in that order. 



t Identification doubtful. 



X See text. 



§ In sulfite-inhibited culture. 



