viii CONTENTS 



1. Chytridiales 108 



2. Monohlepharidales Ill 



3. Plasmo(iiophoralps 112 



4. Saprolegnialos 113 



5. Peronosporales 114 



6. Mucorales 117 



7. Entomophthorales 120 



4. Ascomycetes 121 



1. Protoascales 122 



2. Protodiscales 123 



3. Plectascales 124 



4. Perisporiales 127 



5. Pezizales 129 



6. Helvellales 133 



7. Tuberales 134 



8. Pyrenomycetales 134 



9. Laboulbeniales 140 



5. Basidiomycetes 140 



1. Ustilaginales 140 



2. Uredinales 142 



3. Auriculariales 146 



4. Tremellales 146 



5. Exobasidiales 146 



6. Hymenomycetales 147 



7. Gasteromycetales 151 



Fungi Imperfecti 153 



Lichenes 153 



Comparison of the Classes of Fungi 156 



General Conclusions 157 



V. BRYOPHYTA 160 



1. Hepaticae 161 



1. Marchantiales 161 



2. Sphaerocarpales 173 



3. Jungermanniales 177 



4. Anthocerotales 186 



2. Musci 192 



1. Sphagnales 192 



2. Andreaeales 197 



3. Bryales 198 



Comparison of Liverworts and Mosses 205 



General Conclusions 205 



VI. PTERIDOPHTTA 209 



The Vascular System 210 



1. Psilophytinae 212 



1. Psilophytales . 212 



2. Psilotales 214 



2. Lycopodiinae 218 



1. Lycopodiales 218 



