io6 OSMOSIS AND OSMOTIC PRESSURE 



• 



12. An inverted U-tube has one arm filled with a solution with an osmotic pres- 

 sure of 4 atmos. and the other arm with a solution the osmotic pressure of 

 which is 7 atmos. Both open ends of the U-tube are closed with mem- 

 branes permeable only to water and the portion of the tube above the 

 solutions is filled with water. What will happen when: (a) both arms 

 of the tube are dipped in water? (b) the 4 atmos. arm is dipped into a 

 solution with an osmotic pressure of i atmos. and the 7 atmos. arm is 

 dipped into a solution with an osmotic pressure of 4 atmos.? (c) a mem- 

 brane permeable only to water is inserted into the curved part of the 

 U-tube between the two arms and both arms dipped into water? 



Suggested for Collateral Reading 



Bayliss, W. M. Prificiples of general physiology. 4th Ed. Longmans, Green 

 and Co. London. 1924. 



Findlay, A. Os?notic pressure. 2nd Ed. Longmans, Green and Co. Lon- 

 don. 1919. 



Mellor, J. W. IModern inorganic chemistry. Longmans, Green and Co. 

 London. 1925. 



Taylor, H. S. J treatise on physical chemistry. (Vol. I. Chap. VII by 

 J. C. W. Frazer.) D. Van Nostrand Co. New York. 1931. 



Selected Bibliography 



Berkeley, Earl of, and E. G. J. Hartley. Further determinations of direct 



osmotic pressure. Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A. 92: 477-492. 1916. 

 Callendar, H. L. On vapor pressure and osmotic pressure of strong solutions. 



Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A. 80: 466-500. 1908. 

 Haldane, J. S. The extension of the gas laws to liquids and solids. Biochem. 



Jour. 12: 464-498. 191 8. 

 Harris, J. A. An extension to 5.99° of tables to determine the osmotic pres- 

 sure of expressed vegetable saps from the depression of the freezing point. 



Amer. Jour. Bot. 2: 418-419. 191 5. 

 Harris, J. A., and R. A. Gortner. Notes on the calculation of the ostnotic 



pressure of expressed vegetable saps from the depression of the freezing 



point, ivith a table for the values of P for A = 0.001° to A — 2.999°. 



Amer. Jour. Bot. i : 75-78. 1914. 

 Hoff, J. H. van't. Die Rolle des osmotischcn Druckcs in dcr Analogic 



zwischen Los un gen und Gasen. Zeitschr. Phys. Chem. i : 481-508. 1887. 

 Jones, H. C. Hydrates in aqueous solution. Carnegie Inst. Wash. PubL 



No. 60. Washington. 1907. 

 Lewis, G. N. The osmotic pressures of concentrated solutions and the laws 



of the perfect solution. Jour. Amer. Chem. Soc. 30: 668-683. 1908. 

 Morse, H. N. The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions. Carnegie Inst. 



Wash. Publ. No. 198. Washington. 191 4. 

 Warrick, D. L., and E. Mack, Jr. A copper membrane gas-molecule sieve. 



Callendar s theory of osmosis. Jour. Amer. Chem. Soc. 55: 1324-1332. 



1933. 



