22 



RESEARCHES ON FUNGI 



B 



i 



a 



a a 



• ••••• 



^ aJ 





Fig. 



width. Many of them are about 40 ft long and 15 /a wide. Just 

 as for the cheilocystidia, the scale-cells contain each a large vacuole 

 suspended in which are pigmented particles exhibiting the liveliest 

 Brownian movement (Fig. 12, 6 and c). The particles are of two 

 classes : numerous very small yellow ones and a few larger yellow or 

 yellow-brown ones. The former show very active Brownian move- 

 ment and the latter, as might be expected from their larger size, 

 a slower movement. At the ends of some of the cells there is a 



small mass of motionless 

 protoplasm. By compar- 

 ing the descriptions and 

 illustrations of the scale- 

 cells and the cheilo- 

 cystidia, it will be seen 

 that there are similarities 

 in size and contents for 

 these two kinds of ele- 

 ments, which mark them 

 out as being moulded by 

 common developmental 

 forces. 



Irregularities in the 

 Development of the 

 Basidia. — Certain irregu- 

 larities made themselves apparent in a fruit-body which had been 

 gathered in a hot-house and which developed its spores whilst its 

 stipe was placed in water in a room. Most of the basidia produced 

 four spores in the usual manner (Fig. 13, A, a ; B, a'). A few 

 basidia, however, produced three equal-sized spores and one much 

 smaller spore (6, 6'). Others, again, produced four spores all of 

 different sizes (c). Some basidia produced three spores only. The 

 three spores so produced were usually equal in size (f?), but occasion- 

 ally they were all of different sizes (e). Why one spore out of four 

 should commence its development and then become aborted, as 

 shown at h and b', it is difficult to explain. Possibly this and the 

 other irregularities which have been described are associated with 

 irregular divisions or movements of the nuclei in the basidium-bodies . 



13. — Lepiota cepaestipes. Abnormalities in 

 .spore-production. A, a .surface view of 

 liymeniuin showing spores of different sizes ; 

 a, four normal spores of one basidium ; b, three 

 normal spores and one aborted ; c, one spore 

 normal, one enlarged, two aborted ; d, three 

 spores of equal size ; e, three spores all 

 differing in size. B, a cross-section of a 

 hymenium with a basidium, a', bearing four 

 normal spores, and a basidium, b', bearing 

 three normal spores and one aborted. Magni- 

 fication, 350. 



