here and overseas where the\ can continue their scientific education. More- 

 over, they should see that those who study overseas have the benefit of the 

 latest scientific developments. 



A Program 



The countr\' ma\' be proud of the fact that 95 percent of bovs and girls 

 of fifth grade age are enrolled in school, but the drop in enrollment after 

 the fifth grade is less satisfying. For e\'erv 1,000 students in the fifth grade, 

 600 are lost to education before the end of high school, and all but 72 have 

 ceased formal education before completion of college. While we are con- 

 cerned primarily with methods of selecting and educating high school grad- 

 uates at the college and higher le\'els, we cannot be complacent about the 

 loss of potential talent which is inherent in the present situation. 



Students drop out of school, college, and graduate school, or do not get 

 that far, for a variety of reasons: they cannot aflford to go on; schools and 

 colleges prox'iding courses equal to their capacity are not available locally; 

 business and industry recruit many of the most promising before they have 

 finished the training of which they are capable. These reasons apply with 

 particular force to science: the road is long and expensix'C; it extends at least 

 6 years beyond high school; the percentage of science students who can obtain 

 first-rate training in institutions near home is small. 



Improvement in the teaching of science is imperative, for students of latent 

 scientific abilitx' are particularly xulnerable to high school teaching which 

 fails to awaken interest or to provide adequate instruction. To enlarge the 

 group of specially qualified men and women it is necessary to increase the 

 number who go to college. This involves improved high school instruction, 

 provision for helping indi\'idual talented students to finish high school 

 (primarily the responsibility of the local communities), and opportunities 

 for more capable, promising high school students to go to college. Anything 

 short of this means serious waste of higher education and neglect of human 

 resources. 



To encoiirage and enable a larger number of young tnen and women of 

 ability to take wp science as a career, and in order gradually to reduce the 

 defcit of trained scientifc personnel, it is recommended that provision be 

 made for a reasonable number of ia) undergraduate scholarships and gradu- 

 ate fellowships and (b) fellowships for advanced training and fundamental 

 research. The details shoidd be worked out with reference to the interests 

 of the several States and of the universities and colleges; and care shotdd 

 be taken not to impair the freedom of the institutions and individuals 

 concerned. 



The program proposed by the Moe Committee in Appendix 4 would pro- 

 vide 24,000 undergraduate scholarships and 900 graduate fellowships and 

 would cost about $30,000,000 annually when in full operation. Each year 

 under this program 6,000 undergraduate scholarships would be made avail- 

 able to high school graduates, and 300 graduate fellowships would be offered 

 to college graduates. Approximately the scale of allowances provided for 



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