such a body can our Gcncrnnicnt 

 agencies be supplied with the neces- 

 sary increase in numbers oi expert 

 personnel and with the all-important 

 increase in basic scientific knowledge 

 on which medical ad\ance depends. 

 As the function of the proposed 

 agency is broadly conceiyed. as it 

 must be concerned not onl\' with 

 research but \yith the training of 

 personnel required b\' all existing 

 agencies, and as it must operate 

 through non-Goyernmental education 

 institutions, the future of which rests 

 heavily upon private endowment or 

 support by the States, it is the Com- 

 mittee's con\iction that the Federal 

 agency concerned with medical re- 

 search should be created de novo and 

 be independent of all existing agen- 

 cies, none of which is sufficiently free 

 of specialization of interest to vyarrant 

 assigning to it the sponsorship of a 

 program so broad and so intimately 

 related to civilian institutions. 



12. Compensation 



The Committee belie\'es that better 

 effort will be put into the work of the 

 agency by members if they are paid. 

 The question of adjustment of salary 

 from parent institutions should be 

 left to the parties concerned. 



It is estimated that members of the 

 board of trustees and technical board, 

 as proposed below, will be called 

 upon to gi\'e an a\'erage of one-third 

 of their time to the work of the 

 agency. One-half the time of the 

 aides may be required. This includes 

 time devoted by members to the work 

 of the agency at their official stations 

 and in traveling. 



Over the past 25 years there has 

 been an increasing draft of expert 

 personnel from the medical schools 

 to meet the demand for scientists in 



acti\ities related to the national wel- 

 fare, until at present, exen discount- 

 ing the increased demands of war, 

 man\' teachers and investigators are 

 unable to discharge their responsibili- 

 ties to the institutions which pay their 

 salaries. A further increase in this 

 borrowing of personnel without com- 

 pensation can inflict only injury upon 

 the medical schools. 



Moreover, many competent inves- 

 tigators in medicine and surgery draw 

 a negligible fraction of their income 

 as salary, depending financially upon 

 clinical practice. Participation in the 

 work of the agency may interrupt this 

 practice and the resulting loss of in- 

 come may exclude such persons from 

 service. 



13. Patent Rights 



The practice in regard to patent 

 rights on discoveries and inventions 

 bearing on human health varies in 

 diflferent medical institutions in this 

 country. The Committee has made 

 no effort to codify them, or to arrive 

 at a generally acceptable policy. 



It seems to the Committee that 

 under the present patent laws the 

 principle of patenting certain types 

 of discoveries and in\'entions to ex- 

 clude misuse is sound. Since perhaps 

 the majority of institutions do not 

 capitalize their patent privileges, and 

 since such practice would be incom- 

 patible with Government sponsored 

 research, it is suggested that, where 

 a patent be granted on research 

 which has been sponsored by Gov- 

 ernment in whole or in part, the 

 ownership of the patent remain in 

 the inventor, and that the Govern- 

 ment receive, in addition to a royalty- 

 free license, the power to require the 

 licensing of others. 



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