FORD, E. B. 



1964. Ecological genetics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., N.Y., 



335 p. 

 GOSLINE, W. A. 



1948. Speciation in fishes of the genus Menidia. Evolu- 

 tion 2:306-313. 

 HUBBS, C. L. 



1955. Hybridization between fish species in nature. Syst. 



Zool. 4:1-20. 

 HUBBS, C. 



1967. Analysis of phylogenetic relationship using hy- 

 bridization techniques. Bull. Nat. Inst. Sci. India 34:48- 



59. 

 1970. Teleost hydridization studies. Proc. Calif Acad. 



Sci. 38:289-298. 

 HUBBS, C, AND G. E. DREWRY. 



1959. Artificial production of an intergeneric atherinid 



fish hybrid. Copeia 1959:80-81. 



Manwell, C, and C. M. a. Baker. 



1970. Molecular biology and the origin of species, 

 heterosis, protein polymorphism and animal breed- 

 ing. Univ. Wash. Press, Seattle, 394 p. 

 MAYR, E. 



1963. Animal species and evolution. Belknap Press of 

 Harvard Univ. Press, Cambr., 797 p. 

 MOFFATT, N. M. 



1974. A morphometric and meristic comparison of the Gulf 

 grunion, Leuresthes sardina (Jenkins and Evermann), 

 and the California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis ( Ayres). MS 

 Thesis, Univ. Arizona, Tucson, 36 p. 



1977. Thermal effects on the survival and development of 

 embryonic grunions, Leuresthes sardina and L. 

 tenuis. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Arizona, Tucson, 88 p. 

 MOFFATT, N. M., AND D. A. THOMSON. 



1975. Taxonomic status of the Gulf grunion (Leuresthes 

 sardina) and its relationship to the California grunion (L. 

 tenuis). Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 18:75-84. 



In press. Tidal influence on the evolution of egg size in the 

 grunions (Leuresthes). Environ. Biol. Fishes. 

 MOORE, J. A. 



1955. Abnormal combinations of nuclear and cytoplasmic 

 systems in frogs and toads. Adv. Gen. 7:139-182. 

 MUENCH, K. A. 



1977. Behavioral ecology and spawning periodicity of the 

 Gulf of California grunion, Leuresthes sardina. Ph.D. 

 Thesis, Univ. Arizona, Tucson, 92 p. 

 REYNOLDS, W. W., AND D. A. THOMSON. 



1974a. Tem|)erature and salinity tolerances of young Gulf 

 of California grunion, Leuresthes sardina (Atherini- 

 formes: Atherinidae). J. Mar, Res. 32:37-45. 



1974b. Ontogenetic change in the response of the Gulf of 

 California grunion, Leuresthes sardina (Jenkins & Ever- 

 mann), to a salinity gradient. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 

 14:211-216. 



1974c. Responses of young Gulf grunion, Leuresthes sar- 

 dina, to gradients of temperature, light, turbulence and 

 oxygen. Copeia 1974:747-758. 

 REYNOLDS, W. W., D. A. THOMSON, AND M. E. CASTERLIN. 



1976. Temperature and salinity tolerances of larval 

 California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis (Ayres): a com- 

 parison with Gulf grunion, L. sardina (Jen- 

 kins & Evermann). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 24:73-82. 



1977. Responses of young California grunion, Leuresthes 

 tenuis, to gradients of temperature and light. Copeia 

 1977:144-149. 



480 



RUBINOFF, I. 



1961. Artificial hybridization of some atherinid fishes. 

 Copeia 1961:242-244. 

 THOMSON, D. A., AND K. A. MUENCH. 



1976. Influence of tides and waves on the spawning be- 

 havior of the Gulf of California grunion, Leuresthes sar- 

 dina (Jenkins and Evermann). Bull. South. Calif Acad. 

 Sci. 75:198-203. 

 WALKER, B. W. 



1952. A guide to the grunion. Calif Fish Game 38:409- 

 420. 



Nancy M. Moffatt 



Southwest Fisheries Center La Jolla Laboratory 

 National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA 

 P.O. Box 271, La Jolla, CA 92038 



DONALD A. Thomson 



Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 

 University of Arizona 

 Tucson, AZ 85721 



TYCHOPLANKTONIC BLOODWORM, 



GLYCERA DIBRANCHIATA, IN 



SULLIVAN HARBOR, MAINE 



The bloodworm, Glycera dibranchiata, is distri- 

 buted from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the Gulf of 

 Mexico and from central California to lower 

 California and Mexico. It occurs from intertidal 

 water to 402 m depth (Pettibone 1963), but it is 

 more abundant in shallow coastal water. In Maine 

 and Nova Scotia the worms are dug commercially 

 along the coast from the upper layers of the inter- 

 tidal sand-silt-clay strata (Dow and Creaser 1970; 

 Anonymous 1974; Glidden^). 



Spawning bloodworms are briefly pelagic occur- 

 ring in large numbers as they swarm in the after- 

 noon. Creaser ( 1973) observed swarming in Maine 

 during June. Simpson (1962) reported swarming 

 both in June and November-December, suggest- 

 ing a biannual spawning in Maryland. Klawe and 

 Dickie (1957) did not observe swarming by blood- 

 worms in Nova Scotia, although other evidence 

 indicated that the worms spawned in mid-May. 

 They suggested that the worms had a short noc- 

 turnal swarming period making them difficult to 

 observe. Simpson (1962) checked this possibility 



•Glidden, P. E. 1951. Three commercially important poly- 

 chaete marine worms from Maine: Nereis (Neanthes) virens, 

 Glycera dibranchiata, Glycera americana. Rep. to Maine Dep. 

 Sea Shore Fish., Augusta, Maine. 



