LEIS: SYSTEMATICS AND ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF THE PORCUPINEFISHES 



external shells and exoskeletons of invertebrates 

 are, in general, greatly reduced is difficult to un- 

 derstand. 



The stomach contents of three D. eydouxii were 

 examined. The two Pacific specimens (BPBM 

 10551 and NMFS H CHG55-71) examined had fed 

 on a wide variety of large zooplankton: amphipods, 

 crab zoeae, sergestid shrimps, and fish larvae 

 (Ramauia laevis. Acofithocyhium so/andii , and a 

 myctophid were identifiable). The Atlantic speci- 

 men (ANSP 138122) had eaten approximately 23 

 small (25-30 mm) fish of the genus Polydactylus\ 

 these were in a moderately advanced state of di- 

 gestion. 



Material examined. — 52 specimens, 4.5-252 mm. 



EASTERN PACIFIC: MNHN 2153 (2:101-108), between 

 Guayaquil and Hawaii; SIO 69-394 (1:13) 15°N, 110°W; SIO 

 69-483 ( 1:40) 19°36'N, 105°16"W: SIO 64-176 (1:138) 13°30.9'N, 

 92°02.2'W; SIO H52-346( 1:121) 13°11'N, 102°07'W; SIO 64-174 

 (1:1511 10°01'N, 115°55'W; SIO 64-213 (1:132) 08°24'N, 

 87°37'W; SIO 73-348 ( 1:148) 10°25'N, 108°50'W; SIO H52-422 

 (3:118-131) irOO'N, 105°29'W. CENTRAL PACIFIC: NMFS 

 H CHG55-71(7:125-147) iril'S, 179°13'E; SIO 68-480 (5:100- 

 115) 22°02.8'N, 171°34.0'E; BPBM 10551 (1:143) 12°20'S, 

 169°44'W; NMFS H TC32-32,34,36, & 47 (4:14.5-26.0) 2r59'N, 

 158°29'W; NMFS H TC32-66,70,71,73 (6:4.5-17.0) 19°31'N, 

 156°06'W; SIO 60-264 (3:33-165) 7°53'N, 157°29'W; SIO uncat. 

 Climax II (4:144-177) between 25°S-30°N along 155°W. 

 \VESTERN PACIFIC: AMS I.B. 2746-7 (2:156-168) 5°21'S, 

 13ri7'E; SIO 61-551( 1:153) 20°35.6'N, 126°33.2'E; SIO 73-106 

 (2:10) 33°17'N. 138°08'E. INDIAN OCEAN: RUSI 3712 

 (1:252) Pt. Elizabeth, South Africa; LACM 30138-1 (1:145) 

 27°41'S, 33°22'E. ATLANTIC OCEAN: SIO 63-565 (1:29) 

 03°21'N, 30°5rW; NMFS M ORII 39-01 (l:ca. 27) 13°00'N, 

 60°00'W; ANSP 138122 ( 1:166) 19°28.8'N, 95°27'W; TU 16864 



(1:147) 19°35'N, 95°28'W; TU 12766 (1:152) 20°45'N, 

 93°15'W. NO DATA: SIO uncat. (1:176). 



DIODON HYSTRIX LINNAEUS 



Porcupinefish (Figure 9) 



Diodon hystrix Linnaeus 1758:335 ("Habitat in 

 India") after Artedi 1738; Bloch 1785:68-73, pi. 

 126 (American seas); Giinther 1870:306, 

 1910:474 (worldwide); Klunzinger 1871:647- 

 648 (Red Sea); Day 1878:708, pi. 179 (Andaman 

 Is.); Herre 1924:504-505 (Philippine Is.); Meek 

 and Hildebrand 1928:827-829 (Panama; largest 

 specimen only); Le Danois 1959:229-230 

 (worldwide): de Beaufort 1962:412-413 (East 

 Indies). 



Diodon atinga (not of Linnaeus): Bloch 

 1785:67-69, pi. 125 (American seas); Lacepede 

 1798:1, 3, pi. 25 (no locality given); Kaup 

 1855:227 (East and West Indies). 



?Diodon plumierii? Lacepede 1798:10, pi. 30 (trop- 

 ical eastern America). 



Diodon brachiatus Bloch and Schneider 1801:513 

 (no locality given). 



Diodon punctatus Cuvier 1818:132-133 (no local- 

 ity given). 



Diodon spinosissimus Cuvier 1818:134-135 

 (Brazil). 



Paradiodon hystrix Bleeker 1865:56-57, pi. 207 

 (East Indies). 



Diodon hystrix var. hystrix Eigenmann 

 1885:298-306 (American seas). 



FIGURE 9.— Diodon hystrix, 273 mm SL, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands (BPBM 11656). Photo by J. E. Randall. 



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