198 A SPRING TOUR IX PORTUCAL. 



we seldom find it in Europe,' and that in this view he was 

 ' supported by the fact that its congeners have a deep yellow 

 tint when young, which is absent in the old birds.' 

 [80. Antiius akboreus (Blyth), ' Tree Pipit.' 



Appears frequently in the suburbs of Coimbra, and, 

 in general, in the provinces of the north.] 



[81. Antiius spinoletta (Linn.), ' Water Pipit.' 



Is not to be pronounced rare, though less common 

 than A. pratensis, A. campestris, and A. arboreus.] 



82. *Alauda arvexsis (Linn.), 'Sky-Lark,' Calhandra, Laverca. 



Very common. In reference to a specimen w^hich I sent 

 Mr. Tristram for examination, he writes from Greatham, — 

 ' It is remarkably dark on the back : of a great series from 

 almost every country of Europe, "West Asia, and. North 

 Africa, I only find one exactly corresponding in the absence 

 of a chestnut hue in the lighter portion of the feathers of the 

 back, and that was shot here.' 



83. *Alauda arborea (Linn.), ' Wood-Lark.' 



Local, and not common. Mr. Tristram writes of my 

 specimen, that it ' is darker than continental specimens, and 

 dark for an English bird.' 



84. fxlLAUDA braciiydactyla (Leisl.), ' Short-toed Lark,' Ccw- 



reirola. 

 Said to be common throughout the country. 



85. *Alauda calandra (Linn.), *Calandra Lark,' Coc/^/c7/o. 



Common everywhere throughout the open plains and 

 fields, and the most favourite cage-bird amongst the inhabi- 

 tants of villages and towns; one may count them by dozens 

 in a single street, in their cages outside the windows and 

 doors. Mr. Ti-istram remarks of two which I forwarded to 

 him : ' The Calandra Larks are dark ; one is of the ordinary 

 size, the other verij small, I presume a female ; I have, how- 

 ever, one as small ; and this bird varies in size to a remark- 

 able degree.' 



[Alauda Lusitania (Gmel.), 'Desert Lark.' 



There do not exist any specimens of this species in 



