citnalinmaeaatin iia 
AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 
887 
require medicines which are of a heating 
and drying nature, with a gentle binding, 
and withal, such as by peculiar virtue are 
appropriated to them, and add strength to 
them. It is true, most cephalics do so, yet 
because the joints are more remote from 
the centre, they require stronger medicines. 
For removing pains in the joints this is 
the method of proceeding. 
Pains is either taken away or eased, for 
the true cure is to take away the cause of 
the pain, sometimes the vehemency of the 
pain is so great that you must be forced to 
use Anodines (for so physicians call such 
medicines as ease pain) before you can 
meddle with the cause, and this is usually 
when the part pained is inflamed, for those 
medicines which take away the cause of 
pain being very hot, if there be any in- 
flammation in the part pained, you must 
abstain from them till the inflammation be 
taken away. 
—_—_—__—. 
. SECTION III. 
Of the propriety or operation of Medicines. 
—————$—$—$—$  —. 
CHAPTER I 
Of Emolient Medicines. 
The various mixtures of heat, cold, dry- 
ness, and moisture in simples, must of 
necessity produce variety of faculties, and 
operations in them, which now we come to 
treat of, beginning first at emolients. 
What is hard, and what is soft, most men 
know, but few are able to express. Phy- 
losophers define that to be hard which 
yields not to touching, and soft to be the 
contrary. An emolient, or softening medi- 
cine is one which reduceth a hard substance 
to its proper temperature. 
But to leave phylosophy, and keep to 
physic: physicians 1 ipeuhe bering, to Age pu 
I. A distention or stretching of a part 
by too much fulness. 
2. Thick humours which are destitute 
of heat, growing hard in that part of the 
body into which they flow. 
So many properties then ought emolient 
medicines to have, viz. To moisten what is 
dry, to discuss what is stretched, to warm 
what is congealed by cold; yet properly, 
that only is said to mollify which reduceth 
a hard substance to its proper temperature. 
Dryness and thickness of humours being 
the cause of hardness, emolient medicines 
must of necessity be hot and moist; and 
although you may peradventure find some 
of them dry in the second or third degrees, 
yet must this dryness be tempered and 
qualified with heat and moisture, for reason 
will tell you that dry medicines make hard 
parts harder. 
Mollifying medicines are know, 1. by 
their taste, 2. by their feeling. 
1. In taste, they are near unto sweat, 
but fat and oily; they are neither sharp, nor 
austere, nor sour, nor salt, neither do they 
manifest either binding, or vehement heat, 
or cold to be in them. 
2. In feeling you can perceive no rough- 
ness, neither do they stick to your fingers 
like Birdlime, for they ought to penetrate 
the parts to be mollified, and therefore 
many times if occasion be, are cutting medi- 
cines mixed with them. 
yon meena aneenned 
CHAPTER II. 
Of hardening Medicines. 
Galen in Lib. 5. de Simple, Med. Facult. 
Cap. 10. determines hardening medicines 
to be cold and moist, and he brings some ~ oe 
arguments to prove it, —. which other ee 
physicians contest. 
x shall not here stand to qnote the di 
