SERPENTS. 



381 



It should be boi-ne in mind that there are jjerfcctly harmless snakes that have the 

 general coloration of the Ehqyides, though belonging to the previous sul>order. By 

 those unfamiliar with their nature these harmless forms are also called harlequins. 



Allied to the harlequin-snakes is the genus Bungarus^ the several species of which 

 inhabit India. The generic title is a so-called Latin form of the vernacular name, 

 bungarum. The representatives are terrestrial forms, living chiefly on small mammals 

 and reptiles, for which they are continually searching during the day, though they 

 avoid the direct rays of the sun. They are shy, and invariably seek a retreat on being 

 surjjrised, though they are active on being attacked, defending themselves with great 



'"^^^^ 



Fig. 221. — Bungarus fasciarus, bungarum. 



vigor. Their bite is extremely dangerous, though the degree of its virulence depends 

 on the age of the reptile, as well as on the size and position of the wound. As the 

 fangs are short, the abrasion can generally be excised or cauterized, which should 

 always be done immediately, though the dangerous sym]itoms are not likely to show 

 themselves until the lapse of considerable time. The largest Bungurits reaches a 

 length of four feet, and inhabits Java, the Malay Peninsula, Penang, and portions of 

 China. It is known in science as B. fasciatus, and much resembles B. cei/lonicns, 

 which is abimdantly found in the island from which it receives its specific name. 

 From the stomach of this Ceylon species, specimens of Urojyehis have been taken. 

 Jloplocephalus includes nearly twice as many species as any other Australian genus. 



