298 Seventeenth Annual Repoiit op the 



country. Under such conditions there is not only danger of infec- 

 tion in transit from the uncleaned or imperfectly cleaned ship, 

 but also of the use of tie ropes and other appliances formerly used 

 on the preceding cargo, and which inoculate the animals on board 

 so that they come ashore in a dangerously infecting condition. 

 Fodder and litter may also have been left over from the earlier 

 cargo to infect the next cargo at sea, and even to be brought ashore 

 with it to infect additional animals at or near the port of arrival, 

 or elsewhere. ( 'attic-carrying ships, fitted with pens for protection 

 of the cattle, are particularly likely to have escaped the thorough 

 cleansing and disinfection required, and with such the rules should, 

 therefore, be particularly stringent. 



Such objects as fresh hides, bones, guts, hair, bristles, wool, 

 horns, hoofs, coming from an infected country should also be put 

 on the excluded list. If the course of trade should turn so that 

 refrigerated dressed carcasses were shipped from the infected 

 country, they too should be debarred. 



Litter, straw, hay, fodders and even grain bags from such 

 countries should be shut out, and as these usually arrive incident- 

 ally in connection with the landing of horses or other animals, 

 and therefore in small quantity, the order should provide for their 

 being burned under the boilers. Not a straw should be allowed to 

 reach the dock. Baled hay, straw, and other fodder should be 

 especially provided against as the compression of the bale and 

 exclusion of air tends to the preservation of virulency. 



Another obvious channel of infection is through the soiled 

 clothing of immigrants who have attended on live stock in their 

 f i inner home, and such garments should be sterilized in a steam 

 or hot water bath before they are admitted. 



Straw and other packing material used for the protection of 

 goods in shipping should be burned under government super- 

 vision. 



Refrigerated milk and milk products, butter, cheese, koumyss, 

 etc., should be excluded, and all the more so if the infected country 

 is in near proximity to the importing one. 



Again, the importation, from countries where aphthous fever 

 exists, of vaccine virus and other biological products of cattle, 

 unless first subjected to a sterilizing temperature, should be forbid- 



