Commissioner of Agriculture 311 



In the summer season, insects must be eliminated, especially 

 Hies. Many of the latter will follow horses or other domestic 

 animals for many miles and if they come from an infected building 

 or enclosure they may thus carry the germs of a disease far beyond 

 the quarantined area. Those that feed on the driveling saliva, sip 

 the liquids from the sores, or draw blood from the surface are to be 

 particularly dreaded. Among the worst may be named the mos- 

 quitoes, black flies, house fly, horn fly, golden eyed green fly, the 

 robber fly, the blood suckers (haemotopota) , the horse flies 

 (tab'anus), the screw fly, the gad fly, etc. By shutting up the 

 quarantined animals in close buildings, having every opening 

 closed by fine wire screens, mosquito netting, or canvas, the flies 

 may be excluded, and those already within, destroyed by quassia 

 water, insect powder, or other device. Many breed in damp earth, 

 still water, or running water. Others, like the common house fly, 

 pass their larval stage in manure heaps or decomposing organic 

 matter; others, like the horn fly, in cow manure; still others, like 

 the screw fly, in open sores of animals. It is, of course, manifestly 

 impossible to remove the conditions which favor the reproduction 

 of the flies in the short duration of an attack of aphthous fever. 

 Yet something can be done by the daily removal of manure, scrap- 

 ing the ground and sprinkling it with bleaching powder, solution 

 of copperas, or corrosive sublimate; by covering standing water 

 with a thin film of kerosene, or adding to it a solution of copperas 

 or sulphate of aluminium; and by removing all decomposing 

 organic matter or covering it with quicklime or chloride of lime. 

 Other devices are to put fly nets on the animals moved on the road 

 and to smear the head and exposed parts with some such mixture 

 as assafoetida, camphor, and oil of turpentine, which will keep 

 the flies at a distance. 



The rule which excludes other living things from the infected 

 buildings must be as rigidly applied to human beings, ^one but 

 the necessarv attendants can be admitted, no one caring for the 

 affected animals must approach other animals or their domiciles, 

 and if they leave the quarantined premises it must be only after a 

 good soapy wash, a complete change of clothing, and the thorough 

 cleansing and disinfection of the outside of the shoes, or the 

 donning of a clean pair. 



