330 Seventeenth Annual Report or the 



foot and mouth disease. This was discovered on the farm of 

 Shaw Brothers, at Elm, Wayne Comity, Michigan. Around this 

 the Michigan eases existed, although some were located in neigh- 

 boring counties. The sources of infection in the Shaw Brothers' 

 herd may be briefly stated. On October 16, 1908, 21 cattle 

 which had been rented for use in a laboratory were returned 

 to the farm and sent thence to the Detroit stock yards where they 

 remained not more than two hours and with 19 others were 

 once more returned to the Shaw farm. These animals were the 

 first in Michigan, in the experience of the official inspectors, to 

 show the disease, and thev conveyed it to others on the farm and 

 outside it. The next herd that left the laboratory was alleged to 

 have been similarly affected. As there was no disease on the farm 

 before the animals were hired out to the laboratory, it is not to be 

 wondered at that attempts to trace the earlier origin of the infec- 

 tion in herds elsewhere were fruitless. (For the bearing of this 

 on legislation and future measures of sanitary police see Pre- 

 vention, pages 297-303.) 



The discovery by the state officials, November 17, 1908, of the 

 actual existence of the plague among the herds of Erie County, 

 New York, led to the nearly simultaneous issue of quarantine 

 orders, state and federal, under date of November 19, 1908. (See 

 pages 348, 3G5.) The next day order was issued providing for 

 the purification and disinfection of all stock yards, premises, 

 railroad cars, yards, loading banks, buildings, chutes, alleys and 

 other places used in connection with the live stock trade and of any 

 steamboats, ferry boats, and other vehicles or appliances used in 

 transportation of domestic animals (see page 319) ; and a circular 

 letter was sent to all veterinarians practicing in the state, calling 

 their attention to the outbreak and the provision of the State Agri- 

 cultural Law requiring veterinarians to report immediately to the 

 Commissioner of Agriculture the existence among animals of any 

 infectious or communicable disease coming to their knowledge. 

 (See page 350.) 



DISEASE IN YATES COUNTY. PRECAUTIONARY QUARANTINE 



On November 21, 1908, Dr. Bell of Penn Yan, Yates County, 

 reported foot and mouth disease in two adjacent herds, about five 

 miles south of Penn Yan, Yates County, New York. The cases 



