242 Nixth Annual Report of the 



ing troughs, currycombs, brushes, feed, stablemen, neck-yoke, 

 etc. 



The discharge from the nostril and ulcers on the skin (button 

 farcy) are highly contagious. The bacilli has been found in the 

 various organs of the body, also the blood, but it does not occur 

 unless it is generalized glanders. The respiratory organs are 

 most frequently, in nine-tenths of all cases, the gate of entrance 

 for the virus. (Friedberger and Frohner.) The bacilli is prob- 

 ably inhaled and lodges upon the mucous membrane. It is 

 claimed that the reason for believing that an attack of catarrh, 

 distemper, etc., predisposes an animal to glanders is on account 

 of the inflammatory condition of the mucous membrane and 

 makes it more favorable to enter the system and develop. 

 Experiments to transmit glanders by direct inhalation of th< J 

 respirated air of glandered horses have been negative. It is 

 claimed by some authorities that the bacilli of glanders can 

 penetrate the uninjured mucous membrane. 



The bacilli of glanders may enter through the skin, when th<- 

 glands of the skin become infected. It used to be called 

 " farcy," but as we understand the pathology and bacteriology 

 of the disease there is no difference between glanders and farcy. 

 Tbe same germ will produce either or both named diseases. 



Very rarely does glanders penetrate the body through the 

 digestive canal. Viborg, Gerlach, Liantard, Cudsae, Malet and 

 others have made such experiments, but in the majority of cases 

 the results were negative. 



Some cases are reported of transmission through coition. 

 Whether the infection took place through the genital mucous 

 membrane, or whether it occurred through inspiration it cannot 

 always be decided. 



Glanders may be either acute or chronic. In the acute form 

 the animal usually dies in a short time. There is a rise of 

 temperature, nasal discharge, ulcer upon septum nasi. In the 

 chronic cases the animal may live for months or years. The 

 animal is usually unthrifty, slight discharge from one nostril, 

 rarely both (bilateral). The amouut of discharge varies and 



