426 



Report of Farmers' Institutes 



2. The hive should be constructed in uniform parts in order 

 that its capacity can be expanded or contracted when required. 



3. There should be a " bee space " (an accurate space of three- 

 eighths inch) between all separate compartments, of the hive, as 

 this is in accord with the natural law or propensity of bee life. 

 The bees will refrain from Ijuilding comb in this space, using it 



only for a passageway. 



The honey extractor and comb foundation are two most useful 

 improvements. 



The extractor is a centrifugal machine by which we can empty 

 the combs of liquid honey and replace them in the hive to be 

 refilled, thus saving the time, labor, and expense of building new 

 combs. 



Fig. 569. — Beeswax Pressed Into Foundation 

 FOR Honeycomb 



Comb fooindation is beeswax pressed into sheets with the 

 impression of the base of the cells of honeycomb. Besides being 

 of great assistance to the bees in building comb, it aids in secur- 

 ing the honeycomb in the frames as desired. 



BEEF AND VEAL PRODUCTION IN THE EAST 



O. C. Bowes 



Agricviltural Department, Columbia University 



Doubtless it seems something of an innovation to attempt to 

 discuss publicly the subject of raising beef cattle in New York 

 State where the industry, once so prosperous, has become almost 

 negative. There have been inquiries from time to time regarding 

 the possibility of raising beef cattle here and thos^ inquiries have 

 been and still remain unanswered because we have no data on 

 which to base any conclusion. I think we can safely say at the 



