522 Repoet of Farmers' Institutes 



20. Can the originator's statement of a new variety be taken as reliable? 



21. In what respects is it desired to improve the Concord? 



22. Does it follow that because a variety does well in one locality it 



will in another? 



23. Is the planting of wine grapes to be recommended? 



24. Xame some of the principal wine varieties iise'i in Ne^r iork? 



Planting 



25. When is the best time to plant? 



26. What distances apart should grapes be set? 



27. How deep should grapevines be planted? 



28. How should the vines be pruned at planting? 



29. What fertilization should be given at this time ? 



30. \\ hich is the better plan, to set in holes or furrows? 



31. Can grapes be successfully planted in crowbar holes? 



32. What grade vines should be planted? What age vines? 



Cultivation 



33. Why is it essential that thorough tillage be given? 



34. \Miat kind of cultivators should be used? 



35. Which is the more essential in cultivation, the killing of weeds or 



the maintaining of a dust mulch? 



36. When should the vineyard be plowed? 



37. How deep? 



38. Does the cutting away of roots in a well-cared-for vineyard seriously 



injure it? 



39. Is the diamond-tooth cultivator a good tool to use in the vineyard? 



40. Is fall plowing advisable ? 



41. Is it good practice to leave the freshly turned furrows for some 



time after plowing? 



42. When should horse-hoeing be done? 



43. Can a vineyard that is plowed up to the vines each spring be kept 



level througli subsequent cultivation ? 



44. How often should the vineyard ])e cultivated after plowing? 



45. When should cultivation be stopped? Why? 



46. Is it necessary to plow up to the vines in the fall? 



47. Can a vineyard be profitably maintained without plowing? 



48. How would the later plowing affect such a vineyard? 



49. Is it possible to maintain a vineyard through the sod-mulch method? 



50. How large a vineyard can a good team keep in good tillage ? 



Cover Crops and Green Manures 



51. Wliat are the benefits to be derived from their use? 



52. When should they be sowed? 



53. What are the best vineyard cover crops? 



54. In what amount should each be sown? 



55. When should they be plowed under? 



56. Are cover crops ever injurious? 



Fertilizers 



57. What fertilizers are the best for vineyards? In what amounts? 



When applied? 



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