Procejedinos of Seventeenth I^oemal Institute 169 



management studies show that those farmers who plan their busi- 

 ness so as to have productive employment at all times get larger 

 incomes than those who do not. Dairying, more than most lines 

 of farming, tends to distribute the work throughout the year. 

 The winter care of a dairy herd entails much more labor than 

 the summer care. It thus dovetails nicely with crop growing to 

 give continuous emplo;\Tnent throughout the year. 



4. By-products of the dairy. In some forms of dairying the 

 by-products contribute much to the success of certain other profit- 

 able lines of farming. Skim milk for feeding to young pigs is 

 almost essential to success, no matter whether the purpose is to 

 grow them to maturity for pork making, to sell them as breeding 

 stock, or to sell them young for others to grow and fatten. With- 

 out milk, either skim or fresh, it is almost impracticable to raise 

 calves, and lobbered milk is one of the most desirable foods for 

 chickens. The whey from cheese making, though not so valuable 

 as skim milk, is still often useful in feeding pigs. 



These are some of the indirect benefits of dairying. It not 

 infrequently happens that conditions are such that the direct 

 profits of dairying are small — even nothing — yet the indirect 

 benefits are such that the farmer feels that he cannot afford to 

 give up his dairy on account of them. 



