FORESTRY PROBLEM OF MICHIGAN. 45 



1 he pine estimate 161,475,000,000 ft. 



The estimate destroyed 53.825,000,000 ft. 



Total pine 215,300,000,000 ft 



Hard- wood, cedar, etc 50,000,000,000 ft. 



Estimate destroyed 16,006,000,000 ft. 



Total hard-wood, cedar, etc.. 66,666,600.000 ft. 



Probable total of original forest 281,966,600,000 ft. 



The amount of pine estimated as destroyed 1699,725,000 



The amount of hard-wood estimated as destroyed 160,000,000 



Total estimate lumber destroyed $859,725,000 



The statistics of the gold product of California during practically the 

 same time, is given by the U. S. census as |1,330,000,000. 



THE PINE FORESTS OP MICHIGAN ARE NOW EXHAUSTED ! 



As shown by the United States census of 1890, the cash value of the 

 following natural products of this country, namely, petroleum, coal 

 (bituminous and anthracite), iron, gold, silver, quick-silver, lead and cop- 

 per, amount to 519 millions of dollars. 



The value of forest products for the same year are given bv the census 

 as 11,035,000.000. 



It is well known that during the process of lumbering, and the clearing 

 of farms, there has been an enocmous waste of valuable timber. It is 

 oftentimes asserted that as much has been destroyed in this way and in 

 forest fires, as has been utilized. This, Mr. Hotchkiss seriously questions 

 and gives as the result of his observation (for there are no records avail- 

 able) that probably one-third as much pine and other timber has been 

 destroyed as has been utilized for the purposes of commerce. 



What is the present condition of the lands from which this enormous 

 crop of pine has been cut? Let us ask the census of 1900. 



The fifteen counties' comprising the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, have 

 10,724,000 acres of land; 654,000 acres, or 6 per cent, is in farms. Of this, 

 215,000 acres are improved, 2 per cent, of the total area ; 94 per cent, of 

 the whole is unsettled, and 98 per cent, of it unimproved. 



There are in the Lower Peninsula sixteen counties^ having an area of 

 6,001,000 acres, with 1,007,000 acres in farms, or 17 per cent. 



The area improved is 376,000 acres, or 6 per cent, of the total area. 

 Eighty-three per cent, of these counties is unsettled, and 94 per cent, is 

 unimproved. 



These counties were the great pinery of the Lower Peninsula. 



There are seven counties^ adjoining one or more of the sixteen just 

 mentioned, with an area of 2.225,000 acres, having 799,000 acres in 

 farms, or 36 per cent.; with 362,000 acres improved, or 16 per cent, of 



^Keweenaw, Houghton, Ontonagon, Gogebic, Baraga, Iron, Marquette, Dickinson, Menominee, 

 Alger, Delta, Schoolcraft, Luce, Mackinac, Chippewa. 



^Cheboygan, Presque Isle. Montmorency, Otsego, Kalkaska, Crawford, Oscoda, Alcona, Iosco, 

 Ogemaw, Roscommon, Missaukee, Wexford, Lake, Clare, Gladwin. 



'Alpena, Antrim, Midland, Arenac, Emmet, Manistee, Mason. 



