New York Agricultural Experiment Station. 325 



Ions. The spray injured the foliage considerably, although lime 

 was added to the mixture to prevent such injury. Under the 

 existing conditions the foliage was unusually susceptible to in- 

 jury from this cause. It was also very much injured by disease. 



From June to September, as shown by Table I, the treated 

 Baldwin gained five points, the untreated lost two; the treated 

 Fall Pippin gained twenty-six, the untreated but eighteen; the 

 treated R. I. Greening gained eleven points, the untreated twelve; 

 the treated Roxbury Russet lost one point, the untreated lost 

 four; the treated Spy lost four points, while the untreated lost 

 nine points. Many of the injured leaves dropped in June and 

 new ones replaced them to a considerable extent, so that in some 

 instances the condition of the foliage in September was much 

 better than it was on the same trees in June, and the sections 

 which received the ashes showed a gain in every instance when 

 compared with the untreated sections. 



Taking all years and all varieties into consideration, whenever 

 there was any marked difference in the September condition of 

 the foliage it was in favor of the sections which had received the 

 ashes. Since the estimates include the loss or injury from all 

 causes, including not only the effects of the scab but also of other 

 diseases, insect depredation, etc., they do not necessarily show 

 that the improvement in the foliage on treated sections was due 

 to increased ability to resist the scab as a result of the use of 

 ashes as a fertilizer. The most that can be said is that in many 

 cases there was better foliage where the ashes were used. 



; The Fruit. 



It was very easy to identify the scab on the fruit. During the 

 first three years of the exi^eriment each fruit was graded accord- 

 ing to the amount of scab, and a separate record was kept of 

 the number of specimens in each grade for each tree. The first 

 grade contained fruit absolutely free from the disease. If the 

 slightest speck of scab was discovered the fruit was put into the 

 second grade. Fruit which had enough scab to affect its ordin- 

 ary commercial grade was put into the third grade and the 

 fourth grade contained all fruits which had enough scab to ren- 



