34 Directoe ? s Report of the 



niveus De Geer), which oviposits in a great variety of plants. In 

 the region about Geneva eggs are most abundant in apple, plum and 

 cherry, and they are somewhat common in raspberry and walnut. 

 The eggs occur singly in soft, fleshy bark. On raspberry, oviposition 

 takes place in the fleshy area at the side of the bud in the axils of the 

 leaves, and usually there is not more than one egg on each side of a 

 bud. This species subsists on a rather wide assortment of foods of 

 animal and vegetable origin. In addition to other species of insects, 

 microscopical examinations of crop contents have shown that the San 

 Jose scale may, under certain conditions, form a large part of the 

 diet of this cricket. It has also been observed to eat holes in rasp- 

 berry and apple leaves, and is reputed to attack ripening fruits. 

 This species derives its reputation as an orchard pest chiefly from 

 the occurrence of diseased areas about oviposition wounds in the bark 

 of apple trees. The areas of infection in their external appearances 

 and effects resemble superficially certain stages of the common apple 

 cankers. Cultural and microscopical studies indicate that during 

 1913 a fungus, Leptosphaeria coniothyrium (Fckl.) Sacc, was, in 

 the majority of cases, the infecting organism. 



The narrow-winged tree cricket (OE. angusiipennis Fitch.) has 

 feeding habits quite similar to the foregoing species, and while com- 

 mon in apple orchards it has also been observed in considerable 

 numbers on alders and scrub and burr oaks. Unlike the preceding 

 species, the striped tree cricket (CE. nigricornis Walker) prefers for 

 the reception of its eggs plants which have a central pith surrounded 

 by a woody outer layer. Among the plants preferred for oviposition 

 are raspberries, which are sometimes seriously damaged. The in- 

 juries are due to slitting of the canes as a result of excessive deposi- 

 tion of eggs, which weakens a stalk so that it dies or breaks at the 

 point of the wounded area from the weight of the foliage or as a 

 result of a strong wind. 



Tree crickets are amenable to standard orchard operations. Cul- 

 tivation to destroy foreign vegetation, as weeds and brush in and 

 about plantings of fruit, and to keep the ground about trees and 

 vines clean is an efficient measure for the prevention of damages. 

 While the susceptibility of these insects to arsenicals has not been 

 conclusively demonstrated, it is believed that the numbers of the 

 tree crickets are reduced by summer applications of these poisons. 

 Raspberry canes showing extensive oviposition should be removed 



