New York Agricultural Experiment Station. 131 



preliminary survej', detailed studies of individual cows were under- 

 taken. These are given in later tables. 



The remaining cell counts given in Table II were secured from 

 smears made from samples of milk taken monthly for the deter- 

 mination of the butter fat in the milk of individual cows. These 

 butter fat samples were taken by the regular milkers in the follow- 

 ing way: Half pint bottles were half filled at the evening mi] king 

 and allowed to stand in the milk house over night; the next morning 

 these bottles were filled from the morning milking and the samples 

 taken to the laboratory. 



The smears for the cell counts were made from these samples by 

 the author on February 27 and March 23, 1911. After that time, it 

 became necessary to entrust the making of the remaining smears 

 to Mr. Wilson. The results obtained from counting these smears 

 are unsatisfactory in some respects because of the fact that it was 

 difficult to break up the cream clots which formed in the samples 

 in standing over night. It is probable that some of the high counts 

 obtained were due to this fault in the handling of the samples. How- 

 ever, since the chief purpose of this table is to compare the cell 

 content of hand-drawn and machine-drawn milk, and inasmuch 

 as this error of technique is not correlated in any way with this 

 comparison, the counts made from these smears have been 

 included. 



All of the counting of the smears reported upon in Table II after 

 Count No. 1 was done by Mr. First. 



Table III gives the average cell count of the milk of each of the 

 cows in the herd together with the grand average for the herd. 

 Eighteen of the 25 cows gave average cell counts of less than 500,000 

 cells per cubic centimeter, six gave counts averaging between 

 500,000 and 1,000,000 cells per cubic centimeter and one gave a 

 cell count higher than 1,000,000 per cubic centimeter. The seven 

 cows giving cell counts higher than 500,000 per cubic centimeter 

 were Gerty F. 1, Hammond 2, Mabel S. F., Millie D., Millie G., 

 Millie F., and Nora D. This list includes one cow which had 

 suffered from udder troubles (Millie G.), two cows which had aborted 

 recently (Mabel S. F. and Millie F.), and two old cows (Millie D. 

 aged ten and Hammond 2 aged twelve). So far as the records 

 show, Gerty F. 1 possessed no characteristic which has ever been 

 thought to have an influence in producing high counts. 



