264 Report of the Department of Botany of the 



It should be borne in mind, however, that this diseased area ex- 

 tends a third of the way around the stem as well as the distance up 

 and down indicated in the photograph. It should also be borne in 

 mind that the fungus was inserted at only one point, whereas in 

 nature it frequently happens that a mycelial development occurs 

 at a dozen or at a hundred different points. 



TRANSMISSION OF THE DISEASE THROUGH DISEASED NURSERY 



STOCK. 



The writer suggested in his former bulletin the possibility of 

 transmitting the disease to the vineyards through diseased nursery 

 stock and cited instances where this might have been the case. 

 The complaint frequently mentioned by growers is that vines 

 apparently grow well for the first few years but frequently in their 

 fourth year die for no apparent reason. It would seem quite plaus- 

 ible to expect the disease to be transmitted in such a manner 

 and the occurrence of disease the fourth year in the vineyard would 

 accord very well with the slow development of the fungus. The 

 following experiment was designed to throw some light upon the 

 above consideration. 



In July, 1908, numerous infected shoots were marked in a vineyard 

 at Romulus, N. Y. In October these were cut into proper lengths 

 and layered in sand in the greenhouse. On May 4, 1909, the cut- 

 tings were taken to Fredonia and planted in a nursery row. Many 

 of the cuttings failed to callus, some were entirely dead, and others 

 half dead. Examination revealed the presence of the pycnidia of 

 Cryptosporella, some of which were practically mature. No record of 

 the number of cuttings that died was made. One hundred sixty-one 

 (161) cuttings were placed in the soil on May 5, 1909-. The season 

 was not particularly favorable for the growth of the cuttings. Many 

 developed pycnidia of Cryptosporella during the summer and made 

 a slight growth or failed to put forth any buds at all. On August 17, 

 1909, there were only 36 plants living and some of these came out so 

 late that there was little hope of their living through the winter. 

 Examination June 26, 1910, showed that thirteen (13) died during 

 the winter, leaving only 23 "roots". A number of the dead vines 

 were examined and the fungus found abundantly on them. Isolation 

 cultures were made from some and the dead-arm fungus obtained 

 without any difficulty. An examination August 29, 1910, showed that 



