New York Agricultural Experiment Station. 385 



shape of this insect and its posture, when at rest on the vines, remind 

 one of a toad, and for this reason the popular name — " cranberry 

 toad-bug " — is suggested for this species. However this should 

 not be confused with the name " toad-shaped bug " which has been 

 given to a group of hemipterous insects belonging to the 

 family Galgulidse. 



NOTES ON THE INSECT. 

 HISTORY of the species in the united states. 



This species has in the past attracted but little attention from 

 economic and systematic workers. The earliest published accounts 

 of insects injurious to cranberries, by Dr. A. S. Packard, 1 include 

 nothing relating to any of the homopterous bugs. Dr. Saunders 2 

 gives a "spittle insect" (Clastoptera proteus Fitch) as a cranberry 

 pest. In 1884 Dr. J. B. Smith 3 collected a Fulgorid (Amphiscepa 

 bivittata Say) on cranberry bogs. He says, " This little insect, while 

 found on every bog, does little injury." Again in 1890 4 he mentions 

 three leaf -hoppers as taken on cranberry bogs, of which he says: 

 " These species puncture the vines and live upon the sap, but I 

 have not seen any injury that could be attributed to them." 



In the Annual Report of the New Jersey State Museum for 1909, 

 Dr. Smith gives the Fulgorid Phylloscelis pallescens Germ, as taken 

 on cranberry bogs. In the same publication he lists Phylloscelis 

 atra Germ, and Amphiscepa bivittata Say, but does not state that 

 they were taken on cranberry bogs. 



The Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station has published 

 three bulletins 5 on cranberry culture, in none of which is mention 

 made of any injury to cranberry vines by either Fulgorids or Jassids. 



In 1908 the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station pub- 

 lished Bulletin 126 on " How to Fight Cranberry Insects," by H. J. 

 Franklin, but no reference is made to any of the above insects as 

 attacking the cranberry. 



1 Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv. for 1876., pp. 521-531. 

 Trans. Wis. State Hort. Soc. 10:313-322. 1880. 



2 Ins. Inj. to Fruits, p. 374. 1883. 



3 U. S. Dept. Agr., Ent., Bui. 4, p. 30. 1884. 



4 N. J. Agr. Expt. Sta. Spl., Bui. K., p. 42. 1890. 



s Wis. Agr. Exp. Sta. Buls. 35 (1893), 119 (1905) and 159 (1908). 



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