New Yoek Agricultural Experiment Station. 391 



veins slightly elevated, more prominently in abortive-winged forms where it appears 

 like a supernumerary vein. Hind wings thin and delicate. In long-winged forms they 

 reach nearly to tip of fore wings, and in short-winged forms are abortive. Front 

 femora broad and foliaceous. Hind femora grooved on the distal part to receive 

 the tibiae. Tibiae all triangular. Hind tibiae with a row of four to six spurs on the 

 outer carina and a row of eight stout spurs across the apex on the under side. Tarsi 

 three jointed; with two claws or hooks. The front and middle tibiae are covered with 

 stiff hairs. 



Color. — Dark forms: Ground color fuscous or black. Head, thorax and legs 

 specked with small, round white spots. Face with an oblique white band extending 

 from base of beak up and back across gena and lateral lobe of pronotum. Elytra 

 entirely black and generally with scattered translucent spots along the veins. Early 

 in the fall some of the short-winged males show no white markings except a trace on the 

 face, but the major portion of them have the white face bands and at least one white 

 spot on front femora. Elytra of alate forms have fewer translucent spots. 



Light forms: Groundcolor medium to dark brown with numerous whitish spots 

 and face bands as above. Elytra pale to dark brown; translucent spots may be present 

 but are not conspicuous. 



Size. — Length 4.0-5.5 mm. 



LIFE HISTORY NOTES. 



Under the conditions of confinement in breeding cages, the females 

 during the period of oviposition were very uneasy, dropping to 

 the ground, running over it to another branch of the same plant, 

 or even to another plant, dragging an egg by the stalked end, so 

 that small particles of sand would adhere to it, often completely 

 covering it. (Fig. 16). Generally the egg was lost on the ground. 

 If not, the female rubbed it from the ovipositor against a branch or 

 a leaf, from which the egg soon fell to the ground. The particles 

 of sand undoubtedly aid in preventing the floating of the eggs when bogs 

 are flooded, which generally covers the period from November 15th 

 to May 1st. Studies conducted by means of breeding cages indicate 

 that the eggs may be deposited over a period beginning with about 

 the first of September and lasting to the middle of October. Under 

 natural conditions the insect baffled all attempts to study its habits 

 during the egg-laying period. 



As far as observed, none of the eggs hatch until about June 25 

 to 30. The earliest date on which nymphs have been found was 

 June 29, while the occurrence of nymphs of the first instar after 

 August 1, combined with the fact that the bogs became pretty well 

 infested after flooding as late as July 20, would indicate that a 

 large portion of the eggs hatch after July 15. On sections of bogs 

 where the vines are very heavy and shade the ground the eggs do 

 not hatch as early as in more open spaces; the difference in time 



